Abstract: An electrical power system includes: an electrical machine to output AC; DC electrical network; power electronics converter connected between the AC output of the electrical machine and the DC electrical network and having a phase leg having first and second branches respectively having first and second bi-directional MOSFETs; and controller controlling switching of the first and second bi-directional MOSFETs of each phase leg of the converter so that current is commutated between the phase leg first and second branches rectifying the AC input to DC to supply the DC electrical network with DC electrical power. The controller is responsive to a determination to the effect that there is a fault in the DC electrical network, to control the switching of each phase leg first and second bi-directional MOSFETs to switch the converter into a crow-bar configuration in which electrical machine current does not flow to the DC network.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods in which an incoming call port is looped back at a switch and, under control of a call segment controller, is directed to applications and/or other termination points to provide enhanced calling services. According to a preferred embodiment, the call segment controller is provided with initial call instructions to initially direct an incoming call. The call may then be directed to an application which interacts with the call to determine further call instructions. These further call instructions are passed to the call segment controller to further process the call. Under control of the call segment controller the call may be directed to multiple termination points, including redirection to the application to provide subsequent interaction with the call.

Abstract: The invention provides systems and methods in which an incoming call port is looped back at a switch and, under control of a call segment controller, is directed to applications and/or other termination points to provide enhanced calling services. According to a preferred embodiment, the call segment controller is provided with initial call instructions to initially direct an incoming call. The call may then be directed to an application which interacts with the call to determine further call instructions. These further call instructions are passed to the call segment controller to further process the call. Under control of the call segment controller the call may be directed to multiple termination points, including redirection to the application to provide subsequent interaction with the call.

Abstract: An oscillatory or pulsed first signal is operatively coupled to a first electrode placed between a conductive heating element and a seating region of a seat containing the heating element. A second signal substantially equal to the first signal is operatively coupled to a second electrode placed between the heating element and the first electrode. An occupant in the seat is sensed from a response to the first signal, responsive to which a safety restraint system may be controlled. In other embodiments, the second signal is operatively coupled to an electrode placed proximate to a side of the heating element away from the seating region of the seat, the second electrode comprises a sheath at least partially around at least a portion of the heading element, or the operative coupling of the first or second signals comprises AC coupling, for example, through an associated first or second capacitor.

Abstract: A system for providing a network service includes at least first and second data centers containing the same functionality and data content. The first data center designates a first group of resources as active, and another group of resources as standby resources. In a similar, but reciprocal, manner, the second data center designates a first group of resources as active, and another group of resources as standby resources. Users coupled to the first and second data centers may access active resources located in both the first and second data centers. In the event of a partial or complete failure of data center resources, the standby resources are activated and used to service user requests. In one embodiment, the data centers include a three-tier structure including a web access tier, an application logic tier, and a database management tier.

Abstract: A system and method for accessing resources includes first and second data centers located at first and second respective geographic locations. The first center include a first file server and first data storage unit, while the second data center includes a second file server and second data storage unit. In one embodiment, the first data storage unit includes active resources designated for active use, while the second data storage unit includes standby resources designated for standby use in the event that the active resources are not available. A switch fabric and associated intelligent controller communicatively couple the first file server, the first data storage unit, the second file server, and the second data storage unit. The intelligent controller may route information through the switch in multiple different ways deemed appropriate in view of the failure conditions that affect the system.

Abstract: An oscillatory or pulsed first signal is operatively coupled to a first electrode placed between a conductive heating element and a seating region of a seat containing the heating element. A second signal substantially equal to the first signal is operatively coupled to a second electrode placed between the heating element and the first electrode. An occupant in the seat is sensed from a response to the first signal, responsive to which a safety restraint system may be controlled. In other embodiments, the second signal is operatively coupled to an electrode placed proximate to a side of the heating element away from the seating region of the seat, the second electrode comprises a sheath at least partially around at least a portion of the heading element, or the operative coupling of the first or second signals comprises AC coupling, for example, through an associated first or second capacitor.

Abstract: An oscillatory or pulsed first signal is applied to a seat heating element that is operatively connected to first and second impedances that isolate the first signal from the source and sink of power to the heating element. In another embodiment, third and fourth impedances are connected to the first an second impedances at respective nodes, and a second signal substantially equal to the first signal is operatively coupled to the nodes. In another embodiment, the first signal is applied to an electrode, and the second signal is applied to the heating element, which shields the electrode from influence by the seat. In another embodiment, the first signal is applied to a first electrode that is shielded from the heating element by a second electrode operatively coupled to the second signal. The impedances may, for example, be provided by inductors or electronic switches.

Abstract: A radio controlled robotic toy having a main body chassis with at least two middle legs and at least two corner legs attached to the chassis, the legs being interconnected and driven by a linkage drive arm which is, in turn, operated by a radio-controlled electric motor which has computer electronics and software to control and cause movement of the legs for propelling the toy forward and backward. A six-legged walking animatronic robot toy is one of the preferred embodiments, including a moving head with jaw pincers, six moving legs, which yields a versatile, durable, speedy robot toy.

Abstract: An electrical outlet, having two or more contact slots, includes one or more switches associated with the contact slots. Electricity does not flow to the contact arms in the slots until all of the switches are moved into an on position. The switch(es) may not be moved into an on position unless the contact slots are properly accessed, such as occurs with the use of a conventional electrical plug. The switch(es) may be of any variety, including mechanical, optical, magnetic, proximity, etc.

Abstract: A system for providing a network service includes at least first and second data centers containing the same functionality and data content. The first data center designates a first group of resources as active, and another group of resources as standby resources. In a similar, but reciprocal, manner, the second data center designates a first group of resources as active, and another group of resources as standby resources. Users coupled to the first and second data centers may access active resources located in both the first and second data centers. In the event of a partial or complete failure of data center resources, the standby resources are activated and used to service user requests. In one embodiment, the data centers include a three-tier structure including a web access tier, an application logic tier, and a database management tier.

Abstract: A system and method for accessing resources includes first and second data centers located at first and second respective geographic locations. The first center include a first file server and first data storage unit, while the second data center includes a second file server and second data storage unit. In one embodiment, the first data storage unit includes active resources designated for active use, while the second data storage unit includes standby resources designated for standby use in the event that the active resources are not available. A switch fabric and associated intelligent controller communicatively couple the first file server, the first data storage unit, the second file server, and the second data storage unit. The intelligent controller may route information through the switch in multiple different ways deemed appropriate in view of the failure conditions that affect the system.

Abstract: A system and method having a number of call processors and servers which provide prepaid or debit card calling service to local areas is disclosed. The servers are linked via a wide area network (WAN) or some other communications network. The system maintains a single account record for each debit card customer. Each account record contains information such as an account balance and a rate billing plan for the customer. When a customer makes a prepaid call, a local call processor and server handle the call. The local server obtains the customer's record from another server via the WAN if the record is not already present in a local database. WAN traffic is reduced because most debit card users routinely call from the same local area and, as a result, most of calls from a particular customer are processed by the same local call processor and server.

Abstract: An oscillatory or pulsed first signal is applied to a seat heating element that is operatively connected to first and second impedances that isolate the first signal from the source and sink of power to the heating element. In another embodiment, third and fourth impedances are connected to the first an second impedances at respective nodes, and a second signal substantially equal to the first signal is operatively coupled to the nodes. In another embodiment, the first signal is applied to an electrode, and the second signal is applied to the heating element, which shields the electrode from influence by the seat. In another embodiment, the first signal is applied to a first electrode that is shielded from the heating element by a second electrode operatively coupled to the second signal. The impedances may, for example, be provided by inductors or electronic switches.

Abstract: An occupant discrimination system incorporates a position sensor for measuring the distance from a fixed structure within the vehicle to a first surface of an occupant or object on a vehicle seat, and a seat weight sensor for measuring the weight of the occupant or object. The position sensor generates a plurality of signal components that are combined with the weight and vehicle speed related measurements so as to form a signal space, from which a plurality of measures are calculated. A plurality of seat occupancy scenarios are defined and the likelihood of each seat occupancy scenario is functionally related to the plurality of measures. For a given measure state, the likelihood of each of the seat occupancy scenarios is calculated, and the most likely scenario is used to govern the control of a safety restraint system.

Abstract: A variable resistance weight sensor incorporates a plurality of force sensitive resistance elements disposed between a pair of force distributing plates. One of the force distributing plates incorporates an associated plurality of protrusions for transferring, in cooperation with the second force distributing plate, an associated component of the compressive load to the associated force sensitive resistive element, whereby the resulting resistance of the force sensitive resistive element is inversely related to the magnitude of the associated compressive load component. The force sensitive resistive elements are interconnected in series, whereby a signal processor measures the applied load from the associated series resistance. A diode connected in parallel with the series combination of force sensitive resistive elements provides a means for diagnosing the sensor.

Abstract: A method for the controlled reduction of nitroaromatic compounds such as nitrobenzene and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene by enzymatic reaction with oxygen sensitive nitroreductase enzymes, such as ferredoxin NADP oxidoreductase.

Abstract: A musical instrument tuning aid. The display provides the user tuning information in a rapidly interpreted form. The input note, or tuning device setting, is displayed in a clock face format. A sharp/flat indicator provides a course display for gross tuning. A display means for electronically producing a stroboscopic display between the input tone and the internally generated reference frequency provides for very accurate fine tuning with instantaneous response to pitch changes. Signal conditioning to control signal level enhances the strobe display. Tracking low pass filtering is provided to enhance strobe display for high harmonic content signals. An adjustable band pass filtering mode is provided to allow analysis of individual harmonics. A crystal timebase is used to generate a high accuracy reference frequency with fine calibration adjustment.

Abstract: A calibratable optical distance measuring system (100) and method of calibrating the same utilizes a plurality of electronic calibration constants stored in memory (118) to compensate the measurement output of a position sensitive detector element (18) for variations in physical design and circuit performance parameters. The method of calibrating includes generating the plurality of electronic calibration constants by placing the optical distance measuring system (100) into a calibration fixture (200 or 208) where at least one target object is moved into known distances, and the calibration constants are determined based on the system's measurements of the known distances.

Abstract: A variety of hypoglycemic agents and compositions for use in the maintenance of maturity onset non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) are disclosed. The present invention also discloses methods for reducing the blood glucose level in a patient, as well as methods for reducing symptomatic conditions associated with diabetes in a patient.