Abstract: Disclosed herein are structures and techniques utilizing directed self-assembly for microelectronic device fabrication. For example, a microelectronic structure may include a patterned region including a first conductive line and a second conductive line, wherein the second conductive line is adjacent to the first conductive line; and an unordered region having an unordered lamellar pattern, wherein the unordered region is coplanar with the patterned region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are IC structures, packages, and devices that include recesses processed via selective growth. An example integrated circuit (IC) structure, includes a first dielectric material, a second dielectric material on the first dielectric material, and a recess in the second dielectric material, wherein the recess includes a bottom, a top, and sidewalls. The IC further includes a first material within the recess and at a bottom of the recess, wherein the first material includes a metal and oxygen, a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) material, or an organic material, and a second material within the recess and between the first material and the top of the recess, wherein the second material is in contact with the sidewalls of the recess.

Abstract: A modified HIV gp120 protein labeled with a fluorophore has been used herein in single-molecule imaging techniques to demonstrate the conformation states of HIV-1 Env. The introduction of small organic fluorophores at selected positions within HIV-1 envelope protein gp120 that do not affect infectivity permits the detection of changes in inter-dye distances as a measure of conformational changes. Implementation of the smFRET-based technologies disclosed herein enable conformational screening for molecules that block, induce or trap HIV-1 Env in specific conformational states. Methods for identifying anti-HIV drugs in a smFRET-based screening, and various reagents useful for implementation of such methods, are provided.

Abstract: Automatically selecting time traces from a fluorescence experiment, in one aspect, may include capturing results of the fluorescence experiment in a moving image; localizing sources of fluorescence in the moving image; producing time traces of each fluorescent source by monitoring fluorescence intensity of said localized sources in the moving image over time; removing unuseful time traces from said produced time traces; and selecting useful time traces from said produced time traces based on one or more defined criteria. FRET traces from selected time traces may be further calculated and analyzed. A unified computer-implemented platform in one aspect may include tools to locate single molecules, extract traces, classify smFRET traces according to adjustable parameters, and quantify the kinetic parameters of FRET transitions using analytical procedures such as Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) procedures.

Abstract: Single-molecule imaging techniques have been applied herein and have demonstrated the conformation states of HIV-1 Env. The introduction of small organic fluorophores at selected positions within HIV-1 Env that do not affect infectivity permits the detection of changes in inter-dye distances as a measure of conformational changes. Implementation of the smFRET-based technologies disclosed herein enable conformational screening for molecules that block, induce or trap HIV-1 Env in specific conformational states. Methods for identifying anti-HIV drugs in a smFRET-based screening, and various reagents useful for implementation of such methods, are provided.

Abstract: Automatically selecting time traces from a fluorescence experiment, in one aspect, may include capturing results of the fluorescence experiment in a moving image; localizing sources of fluorescence in the moving image; producing time traces of each fluorescent source by monitoring fluorescence intensity of said localized sources in the moving image over time; removing unuseful time traces from said produced time traces; and selecting useful time traces from said produced time traces based on one or more defined criteria. FRET traces from selected time traces may be further calculated and analyzed. A unified computer-implemented platform in one aspect may include tools to locate single molecules, extract traces, classify smFRET traces according to adjustable parameters, and quantify the kinetic parameters of FRET transitions using analytical procedures such as Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM) procedures.

Abstract: A method and system for performing two-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) are disclosed. A high speed fiber optic heterodyne imaging vibrometer can be used for the imaging of high speed surface deformation and/or vibration. Images provided by the high speed fiber optic heterodyne imaging vibrometer can be representative of movement, e.g., displacement or vibration, of the surface being imaged.

Abstract: An adjustable clothing hanger including a pair of side members (104,106) selectively adjustable relative to a hanger body (102) and in moveable relationship with upper and lower cross bars (108, 110). The hanger may also include a lockably rotatable hook (100).

Abstract: This invention pertains to an adjustable cover for an electrical outlet box. The cover is configured having a generally planar mounting plate with a collar surrounding an opening through this mounting plate. An extension sleeve moves within this opening and adjacent the collar. At least one fastener is located adjacent the opening and is movable between a locked position and an unlocked position. The fastener operates a locking device that engages and bias against the extension sleeve when the fastener is in the locked position and which disengage and cease biasing the extension sleeve when the fastener is in the unlocked position.

Abstract: A method and system for performing two-dimensional laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) are disclosed. A high speed fiber optic heterodyne imaging vibrometer can be used for the imaging of high speed surface deformation and/or vibration. Images provided by the high speed fiber optic heterodyne imaging vibrometer can be representative of movement, e.g., displacement or vibration, of the surface being imaged.

Abstract: Methods and systems for three-dimensional imaging include sampling one or more emissions which are reflected back from a target scene with one or more micro-channel plates. The one or more sampled emissions are processed in one or more frames. Within each frame a phase is extracted and a distance to the target scene and amplitude is determined on a pixel-by-pixel basis. A three dimensional image of the target scene is generated and provided based on the extracted phase and the determined distance and amplitude for the one or more frames.

Abstract: This invention pertains to an adjustable cover for an electrical outlet box. The cover is configured having a generally planar mounting plate with a collar surrounding an opening through this mounting plate. An extension sleeve moves within this opening and adjacent the collar. At least one fastener is located adjacent the opening and is movable between a locked position and an unlocked position. The fastener operates a locking device that engages and bias against the extension sleeve when the fastener is in the locked position and which disengage and cease biasing the extension sleeve when the fastener is in the unlocked position.

Abstract: A collimating sheet, for use with a backlit display and the like, that includes a substrate, a plurality of microlenses on the output side of the substrate, a specularly reflective layer on the side of the substrate opposite the microlenses, and a plurality of apertures in the reflective layer in direct correspondence to the microlenses of the lens array. The specularly reflective layer can be relatively thinner than a diffuse reflective layer, which allows light to pass through the more readily. One or more layers of dielectric can be placed on top of one or more reflective material layers to further improves overall reflectivity. Apertures are preferably made in the light-absorptive and reflective layers with a laser ablation process wherein laser light illuminates the output side of the film. The laser light is brought to a focus by the lenslets of the lens array onto the light-absorptive layer, which then ablates a hole or aperture into the light-absorptive and reflective layer.

Abstract: A collimating sheet, for use with a backlit display and the like, that includes a substrate, a plurality of microlenses on the output side of the substrate, a specularly reflective layer on the side of the substrate opposite the microlenses, and a plurality of apertures in the reflective layer in direct correspondence to the microlenses of the lens array. The specularly reflective layer can be relatively thinner than a diffuse reflective layer, which allows light to pass through the more readily. One or more layers of dielectric can be placed on top of one or more reflective material layers to further improves overall reflectivity. Apertures are preferably made in the light-absorptive and reflective layers with a laser ablation process wherein laser light illuminates the output side of the film. The laser light is brought to a focus by the lenslets of the lens array onto the light-absorptive layer, which then ablates a hole or aperture into the light-absorptive and reflective layer.

Abstract: A rear-projection screen and a method for forming same are provided. The screen can include a substrate including a first side and a second side, apertures disposed on the first side of the substrate, and an opaque layer disposed on the second side of the substrate. In a particular embodiment, the opaque layer includes a plurality of apertures therethrough. A surface relief diffuser can be provided in the substrate at the plurality of apertures. A bulk diffuser can be provided at the plurality of apertures to diffuse the projected image. A cover can be attached to the opaque layer, for example, with an adhesive. An overlayer can be provided on the opaque layer for providing deep apertures that can be filled with bulk diffuser to further diffuse the projected image. The overlayer disposed on the opaque layer can include a light-absorbing material in and/or on the overlayer.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system in which a viewer displays and manipulates a bitmap image within a window in a network system. The bitmap image has a hierarchal system of folders associated with the bitmap image.

Abstract: A method, apparatus, and system in which a multiple-image viewer concurrently displays and manipulates multiple images within a single window in a network system. One or more of the display images are a raster graphic file. Each of the display images has a separate data file.

Abstract: A water distillation apparatus includes a degasification chamber having a top and a bottom. A liquid inlet is positioned adjacent to the bottom. A gas outlet is positioned adjacent to the top. A liquid outlet is positioned intermediate the top and the bottom. A float/valve assembly is provided for controlling the level of liquid within the chamber. A boiling chamber is provided having a top and a bottom. A liquid inlet is positioned intermediate the top and the bottom connected by a first transfer conduit to the liquid outlet of the degasification chamber. A steam outlet is positioned adjacent the top. A heating element is disposed within the boiling chamber whereby liquids within the boiling chamber are heated to the boiling point with the resulting steam passing out through the steam outlet. A condensation chamber is provided having a steam inlet and a liquid outlet. The steam inlet is connected by a second transfer conduit to the steam outlet of the boiling chamber.

Abstract: A water conservation device for use in toilet tanks which have a valve movable between an open and a closed position. The valve is connected to a flush linkage which draws the valve to the open position upon activation of a flushing lever. The water conservation device consists of an elongate body having a first end and a second end. The first end of the elongate body is indirectly linked to the valve. The second end of the elongate body is indirectly suspended within the toilet tank, such that the elongate body is disposed at an angle to the valve. As the elongate body pivots, the weight of the elongate body pulls the valve into the closed position.

Abstract: The invention relates to knotters for tying knots and has particular, but not exclusive, application to agricultural balers. In known baler knotters, twine for tying the bales is cut by a fixed or movable knife in such a way that substantially the same portion of the knife edge is used for cutting with the result that early blunting occurs which can give rise to only partially cut twine which adversely affects the knotter. In accordance with the invention a knotter (24) comprises a twine holder (63) operable to hold, during a knot-tying operation, a primary and a secondary portion (20,43) of twine in which the knot is to be tied, and rotary knife means (130) operable to cut at least one of said twine portions at a predetermined point in the operational cycle of the knotter and as said at least one twine portion is held by the twine holder.