Abstract: A handwashing valve structure includes a mounting structure, a dispensing structure, and a control structure. The mounting structure is configured to attach to a liquid vessel. The dispensing structure is configured to dispense a liquid from the liquid vessel and is movable between a closed position and an open position. The control structure is configured to move the dispensing structure between the closed position and the open position. The control structure is configured to be moved by pressure from a portion of a user's body to move the dispensing structure from the closed position to the open position. The dispensing structure is configured to automatically move from the open position to the closed position in the absence of any pressure from the portion of the user's body onto the control structure.

Abstract: A handwashing valve structure includes a mounting structure, a dispensing structure, and a control structure. The mounting structure is configured to attach to a liquid vessel. The dispensing structure is configured to dispense a liquid from the liquid vessel and is movable between a closed position and an open position. The control structure is configured to move the dispensing structure between the closed position and the open position. The control structure is configured to be moved by pressure from a portion of a user's body to move the dispensing structure from the closed position to the open position. The dispensing structure is configured to automatically move from the open position to the closed position in the absence of any pressure from the portion of the user's body onto the control structure.

Abstract: A handwashing valve structure includes a mounting structure, a dispensing structure, and a control structure. The mounting structure is configured to attach to a liquid vessel. The dispensing structure is configured to dispense a liquid from the liquid vessel and is movable between a closed position and an open position. The control structure is configured to move the dispensing structure between the closed position and the open position. The control structure is configured to be moved by pressure from a portion of a user's body to move the dispensing structure from the closed position to the open position. The dispensing structure is configured to automatically move from the open position to the closed position in the absence of any pressure from the portion of the user's body onto the control structure.

Abstract: A method of investigating an underground formation underneath the earth's surface, comprising obtaining a first data set representing change in a predetermined seismic parameter over a period of time for a plurality of points in the underground formation, which first data set is derived from a time-lapse seismic survey of the earth formation spanning the period of time; obtaining a second data set representing geodetic deformation over substantially the same period of time at a plurality of locations on the earth's surface, which second data set is derived from a geodetic survey spanning the period of time; jointly processing the first and second data sets to obtain a map of a parameter related to volume change in the underground formation; wherein a geomechanical model of the underground formation is postulated; also a method of producing hydrocarbons and a computer program.

Abstract: A method of detecting a lateral boundary of a compacting or expanding region in a subsurface formation, which method comprises determining non-vertical deformation of the earth' s surface above the subsurface formation over a period of time; identifying at least on contraction area and at least one adjacent dilatation area of the earth' s surface from the non-vertical deformation over the period of time; and using the contraction area and the adjacent dilatation area as an indication of a lateral boundary of the compacting or expanding region; and a method for producing hydrocarbons.

Abstract: A method of monitoring a subsurface formation underneath a sea bed, the method comprising determining non-vertical deformation of the sea floor over a period of time and inferring a parameter related to a volume change in the subsurface formation from the non-vertical deformation of the sea. Determining the non-vertical deformation of the sea floor comprises selecting a plurality of locations on the sea floor and determining a change in distance between at least one pair of the locations over the period of time.