Abstract: A method of determining a welding process parameter for an object comprises subjecting a specimen removed from the object to a controlled specimen welding process, measuring a property of the specimen, and determining a welding process parameter associated with the object from the measured specimen property and the controlled specimen welding process. In one disclosed embodiment the method permits the determination of a welding process parameter of a full scale pipe by use of a specimen removed from the pipe, or a similar pipe.

Abstract: EMI emissions generated by clock signals in a multi-slot electronic system are reduced by providing out-of-phase clock signals to alternate slots, which cause EMI emissions at typical testing distances and farther to be reduced. An electronic equipment comprises a plurality of slots, each slot operable to receive a clock signal and a plurality of phases of the clock signal, wherein a first phase of the clock signal is routed to a portion of the slots and a second phase of the clock signal is routed to a different portion of the slots. The second phase of the clock signal may be substantially 180° out-of-phase with the first phase of the clock signal.

Abstract: EMI emissions generated by clock signals in a multi-slot electronic system are reduced by providing out-of-phase clock signals to alternate slots, which cause EMI emissions at typical testing distances and farther to be reduced. An electronic equipment comprises a plurality of slots, each slot operable to receive a clock signal and a plurality of phases of the clock signal, wherein a first phase of the clock signal is routed to a portion of the slots and a second phase of the clock signal is routed to a different portion of the slots. The second phase of the clock signal may be substantially 180° out-of-phase with the first phase of the clock signal.