Abstract: A beamforming system includes an array of transducers that detects echo signals in a scanned region. The array of transducers produces respective electronic signals based on receipt of echo signals. The beamforming system further includes an array of multipliers (e.g., mixers) to receive the respective electronic signals (e.g., echo signals converted to an electronic form of echo signals by the transducers) from the array of transducers. A generator device of the beamforming system generates multiple oscillator signals (e.g., square wave, sine waves, pulses, etc.) based on a relatively low frequency reference signal to simulate frequencies not capable of being precisely derived from the reference signal and continuously steer a directional beam through a scanned region.

Abstract: A relative speed of an object is determined by monitoring random reflective surfaces in water. The system includes a first and second transmitter-receiver pair for producing echo signals of a monitored region. The monitoring pair of transducers are preferably positioned along an axis of motion of the object such that sampled data from the first and second transmitter-receiver pair are substantially similar but shifted in time due to a separation of transducers. Echo signal data from the transducers are then used to generate a time difference correlation function that is used to determine a time difference between the first and second signals. Based on the time difference between the time-shifted echo signals, a speed of a vessel is determined.

Abstract: A relative speed of an object is determined by monitoring random reflective surfaces in water. The system includes a first and second transmitter-receiver pair for producing echo signals of a monitored region. The monitoring pair of transducers are preferably positioned along an axis of motion of the object such that sampled data from the first and second transmitter-receiver pair are substantially similar but shifted in time due to a separation of transducers. Echo signal data from the transducers are then used to generate a time difference correlation function that is used to determine a time difference between the first and second signals. Based on the time difference between the time-shifted echo signals, a speed of a vessel is determined.

Abstract: A relative speed of an object is determined by monitoring random reflective surfaces in water. The system includes a first and second transmitter-receiver pair for producing echo signals of a monitored region. The monitoring pair of transducers are preferably positioned along an axis of motion of the object such that sampled data from the first and second transmitter-receiver pair are substantially similar but shifted in time due to a separation of transducers. Echo signal data from the transducers are then used to generate a time difference correlation function that is used to determine a time difference between the first and second signals. Based on the time difference between the time-shifted echo signals, a speed of a vessel is determined.