Abstract: A precessional foot exercising device utilizing a housing containing a spinning mass which forms the rotor of a motor for spinning the mass. The spin axis of the mass is perpendicular to upper and lower surfaces of the housing. A foot plate receives the foot to be exercised. The foot plate is mounted for rotation about two mutually orthogonal axes to provide two degrees of rotational freedom of the foot. The housing is coupled to the foot plate so that the upper and lower surfaces of the housing and therefore the spin axis are rotated by rotation of the foot plate caused by rotation of the foot detachably secured thereto. Rotational movement of the foot is opposed by the gyroscopic effect of the spinning mass, producing an isometric exercise effect when the foot plate is rotated by muscles of the foot while the precessional torque of the spinning mass is opposed by other muscles of the foot.

Abstract: A precessional exercising device utilizing a housing containing a spinning mass which forms the rotor of a motor for spinning the mass. The spin axis of the mass is perpendicular to upper and lower flat housing surfaces adapted to be held in the palm of the hand. Alternatively, the housing may be coupled to a remote handle by a linkage permitting rotation of the handle about two mutually orthogonal axes. Also, the housing containing the spinning mass may be coupled to a remote foot plate for similar rotation of the housing by movement of the foot. The housing containing the spinning mass may be affixed to a hinged deck upon which the upper part of the body may be secured for bending and twisting exercises. Exercise of the muscles is achieved by making arcuate exercising movement which rotate the spin axis of the spinning mass within the housing, and by resisting the precession torque generated as a result of rotation of the spin axis of the spinning mass.

Abstract: A precessional exercising device utilizing a housing containing a spinning mass which forms the rotor of a motor for spinning the mass. The housing is coupled to a remote handle by a linkage permitting rotation of the handle about two mutually orthogonal axes. When the handle is rotated about one or both of said axes, the corresponding angular movements are transmitted to the spinning mass and its spin axis is rotated accordingly, causing the generation of precession torques which are coupled back to the handle via the linkage to produce an exercise effect when the handle is held so as to resist said torques.