Abstract: An integrated exercise workspace (100) comprises an exercise device (110), a work surface (120), and elbow supports (130a, 130b). The exercise device (110) is operable by a lower extremity of a user. The work surface (120) is supported at a work surface position (122) relative to the exercise device (110) and adapted to allow use of the work surface (120) by the user while operating the exercise device (110). The elbow supports (130a, 130b) are adapted to support elbows of the user at a support position (132a, 132b) to substantially isolate degrees of freedom with respect to hand movement from the elbows to hands of the user, so as to minimize movement of the user's hands due to movement of the lower extremity while operating the exercise device (110).

Abstract: Systems and methods for accurately measuring power output of a cyclist using a bike trainer that may be operated by a user for stationary riding when coupled to a conventional bicycle. The systems utilize a power output equation that models power due to resistance of a fan of the bike trainer as well as power due to kinetic energy of the fan. The systems account for operating conditions that affect the power measurements so that more accurate measurements can be provided, thereby improving the training experience of the user. Operating conditions include mechanical drag, temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure and/or altitude. The power output equation is dependent on the angular velocity of the fan of the bike trainer and the measured or received operating conditions.

Abstract: A muscle exercise device can include a crank having an axis of rotation. A first arm can be connected to the crank so that a downward external force applied to the distal end of the first arm causes rotation of the crank. The devices of the present invention can further include a second arm to which a counterweight is connected. Optionally, an assist mechanism other than a counterweight can be used to provide upward movement of the first arm with minimal application of force by a subject. A retrofit kit can be provided for modifying an existing device such as an ergometer or road bicycle. The retrofit kit can include a counterweight and a fastener for attaching to the device to the existing device. The devices of the present invention allow for increased exercise capacity, isolation of muscle groups, and biomechanical forces which closely approximate comparable paired limb motion.

Abstract: A muscle exercise device can include a crank having an axis of rotation. A first arm can be connected to the crank so that a downward external force applied to the distal end of the first arm causes rotation of the crank. The devices of the present invention can further include a second arm to which a counterweight is connected. Optionally, an assist mechanism other than a counterweight can be used to provide upward movement of the first arm with minimal application of force by a subject. A retrofit kit can be provided for modifying an existing device such as an ergometer or road bicycle. The retrofit kit can include a counterweight and a fastener for attaching to the device to the existing device. The devices of the present invention allow for increased exercise capacity, isolation of muscle groups, and biomechanical forces which closely approximate comparable paired limb motion.

Abstract: A market research database includes first and second information sets. The first information set contains first market research information, and the second information set contains second market research information. The market research database also includes a set of dynamic rules. At least one rule of the set of dynamic rules is arranged to respond to first data being entered into the first information set by entering second, different data into the second information set.

Abstract: A market research database includes industry code information containing industry codes (such as UPCs), naked product information containing information about naked products, package information containing information about packages, and product definition information linking naked product information, package information, and industry codes. Accordingly, the storage of information in the database is not dependent upon UPCs or other industry codes, making access to product related information difficult. The use of naked product information, together with the way of identifying products, facilitate a third normal form database.

Abstract: A market research database contains a plurality of sets of product related information. Each set of product related information relates to a corresponding market aspect of products. For example, a set may relate to packages in which products are contained, another set may relate to brand names of products, still another set may relate to business enterprises which package, distribute, or market products, and so on. Each set includes a current layer of product related information, wherein the current layer of product related information is in current time. The product related information in the current layer of each set of product related information includes a control designator. The control designator permits direct access to the current layer of product related information substantially exclusive of other product related information.