Abstract: A Lidar system and method of detecting an object is disclosed. The Lidar system includes a photodetector, a spectrum analyzer and a processor. The photodetector generates an electrical signal in response to a reflected light beam received at the photodetector, the reflected light beam being a reflection of a chirp signal from the object. The electrical signal has a bandwidth the same as a bandwidth of the chirp signal. The spectrum analyzer includes a power divider that partitions the electrical signal into a plurality of channels, an analog-to-digital converter that converts the electrical signal within a selected channel from an analog signal to a digital signal, and a comb filter that provides output from the selected channel from the power divider to the analog-to-digital converter. The processor determines a parameter of the object from the digital signal in the selected channel.

Abstract: A Lidar system, photonic chip and method of detecting an object. The photonic chip includes a laser and one or more photodetectors. The laser generates a transmitted light beam. The one or more photodetectors are receptive to a reflected light beam that is a reflection of the transmitted light beam from an object and generate an electrical signal as output in response to the reflected light beam signal. An amplifier is configured to amplify a signal related to the reflected light beam to amplify the output signal of the one or more photodetectors. A processor determines a parameter of the object from the amplified output signal.

Abstract: A Lidar system, photonic chip and method of detecting an object. The photonic chip includes a laser and one or more photodetectors. The laser generates a transmitted light beam. The one or more photodetectors are receptive to a reflected light beam that is a reflection of the transmitted light beam from an object and generate an electrical signal as output in response to the reflected light beam signal. An amplifier is configured to amplify a signal related to the reflected light beam to amplify the output signal of the one or more photodetectors. A processor determines a parameter of the object from the amplified output signal.

Abstract: A Lidar system and method of detecting an object is disclosed. The Lidar system includes a photodetector, a spectrum analyzer and a processor. The photodetector generates an electrical signal in response to a reflected light beam received at the photodetector, the reflected light beam being a reflection of a chirp signal from the object. The electrical signal has a bandwidth the same as a bandwidth of the chirp signal. The spectrum analyzer includes a power divider that partitions the electrical signal into a plurality of channels, an analog-to-digital converter that converts the electrical signal within a selected channel from an analog signal to a digital signal, and a comb filter that provides output from the selected channel from the power divider to the analog-to-digital converter. The processor determines a parameter of the object from the digital signal in the selected channel.

Abstract: A transistor having an emitter, a base, and a collector, the transistor includes a substrate, a collector contact, a metallic sub-collector coupled to the collector contact, and the metallic sub-collector electrically and thermally coupled to the collector, and an adhesive layer between the substrate and the metallic sub-collector, the adhesive layer bonded to the substrate and in direct contact with the substrate and bonded to the metallic sub-collector and in direct contact with the metallic sub-collector, wherein the adhesive layer comprises an electrically conductive material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a Delta-Sigma modulator to accommodate for Doppler shift. A transceiver in a wireless cellular communication system for adapt to changes in the RF carrier frequency for maintaining signal integrity by applying a pilot tone in calibration to determine a frequency shift response for a bandpass filter. During operation, the system is operative to determine a Doppler shift and to shift the bandpass filter in response.

Abstract: A Delta-Sigma modulator architecture is disclosed that uses interleaving and dynamic matching algorithms to address the needs of multi-mode, multi-band high bandwidth transmitters. The proposed architecture also supports a novel software defined transmitter architecture based on an interleaved Delta-Sigma modulator to generate RF signals. The proposed architecture leverages interleaving concepts to relax subcomponent clock rates without changing the effective oversampling ratio, thus, making it easier to reach aggressive dynamic range goals across wider bandwidths at higher frequencies. The DEM algorithm helps to randomize mismatch errors across all interleaved paths and improves substantially the signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, a tunable bandpass filter can be added to reject out-of-band emissions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for utilizing a wideband radio frequency filter to capture an FM frequency band and configuring the characteristics of a delta-sigma modulator in order to processes desired signals within the FM frequency band. Specifically, the system and method are operative to receive a plurality of FM signals within an FM frequency band, filter the frequency band using a wideband filter, modulating the plurality of FM signals using a delta sigma modulator, down converting and processing the desired signals in parallel.

Abstract: A Delta-Sigma modulator architecture is disclosed that uses interleaving and dynamic matching algorithms to address the needs of multi-mode, multi-band high bandwidth transmitters. The proposed architecture also supports a novel software defined transmitter architecture based on an interleaved Delta-Sigma modulator to generate RF signals. The proposed architecture leverages interleaving concepts to relax subcomponent clock rates without changing the effective oversampling ratio, thus, making it easier to reach aggressive dynamic range goals across wider bandwidths at higher frequencies. The DEM algorithm helps to randomize mismatch errors across all interleaved paths and improves substantially the signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, a tunable bandpass filter can be added to reject out-of-band emissions.

Abstract: A apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a delta-sigma modulator in order to receive and transmit radio frequency signals over a wide frequency range. The system is used for wide bandwidth radio system designed to adapt to various global radio standards and, more particularly, to a cellular radio architecture that employs a combination of a single circulator, programmable band-pass sampling radio frequency (RF) front-end and optimized digital baseband that is capable of supporting all current cellular wireless access protocol frequency bands.

Abstract: A single-chip tunable bandpass filter is provided having a bandpass filter circuit with all tuning components for the bandpass filter circuit formed on the single-chip to provide a programmed center frequency for the tunable bandpass filter. The bandpass filter circuit may include, but is not limited to, a plurality of serially coupled singe stage biquad filter circuits coupled to an input formed on the single-chip and configured to provide a bandpass filtered output signal to an output formed on the single-chip. The bandpass filtered output may be provided by an output buffer formed on the single-chip. The single-chip includes at least one tuning input to receive data for tuning stored in a data register formed on the single-chip. The data register provides control bits to the tuning components that include a programmable resistor responsive to the control bits to vary the programmable resistor to adjust programmed center frequency.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for temperature compensation for data converters in a software defined radio. Specifically, the system and method are teach monitoring the temperature of critical signal processing components such as band pass filters, ADCs and DACs and retrieving modulator coefficients in response to the temperatures and the like. The modulator coefficients are then used to compensate for temperature changes, performance changes and the like.

Abstract: A apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a delta-sigma modulator in order to receive and transmit radio frequency signals over a wide frequency range. The system is used for wide bandwidth radio system designed to adapt to various global radio standards and, more particularly, to a cellular radio architecture that employs a combination of a single circulator, programmable band-pass sampling radio frequency (RF) front-end and optimized digital baseband that is capable of supporting all current cellular wireless access protocol frequency bands.

Abstract: A single-chip tunable bandpass filter is provided having a bandpass filter circuit with all tuning components for the bandpass filter circuit formed on the single-chip to provide a programmed center frequency for the tunable bandpass filter. The bandpass filter circuit may include, but is not limited to, a plurality of serially coupled singe stage biquad filter circuits coupled to an input formed on the single-chip and configured to provide a bandpass filtered output signal to an output formed on the single-chip. The bandpass filtered output may be provided by an output buffer formed on the single-chip. The single-chip includes at least one tuning input to receive data for tuning stored in a data register formed on the single-chip. The data register provides control bits to the tuning components that include a programmable resistor responsive to the control bits to vary the programmable resistor to adjust programmed center frequency.

Abstract: A wide bandwidth radio system designed to adapt to various global radio standards and, more particularly, to a system and method incorporate a compact receiver array design to support the demand for increased mobile broadband services using a through-silicon vias to interconnect front-end analog functions in SiGe BiCMOS to backend circuitry in CMOS.

Abstract: A cellular radio architecture that includes a programmable bandpass sampling radio frequency front-end and an optimized digital baseband. The architecture includes a receiver module having a plurality of signal channels for different frequency bands, where each signal channel in the receiver module includes a receiver delta-sigma modulator that converts analog receive signals to a representative digital signal. The architecture also includes a transmitter module having a transmitter delta-sigma modulator for converting digital data bits to analog transmit signals, where the transmitter module includes a power amplifier and a switch for directing the transmit signals to one of the signal paths. The architecture also includes a dual self-cancellation circuit providing digital and analog cancellation of the transmit signal in the receiver module.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a delta-sigma modulator in order to perform signal equalization of a signal in the delta signal modulator. The system is used for wide bandwidth radio system designed to adapt to various global radio standards and, more particularly, to a cellular radio architecture that employs a combination of a single circulator, programmable band-pass sampling radio frequency (RF) front-end and optimized digital baseband that is capable of supporting all current cellular wireless access protocol frequency bands.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a Delta-Sigma modulator to accommodate for Doppler shift. A transceiver in a wireless cellular communication system for adapt to changes in the RF carrier frequency for maintaining signal integrity by applying a pilot tone in calibration to determine a frequency shift response for a bandpass filter. During operation, the system is operative to determine a Doppler shift and to shift the bandpass filter in response.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a Delta-Sigma modulator to accommodate for Doppler shift. A transceiver in a wireless cellular communication system for adapt to changes in the RF carrier frequency for maintaining signal integrity by applying a pilot tone in calibration to determine a frequency shift response for a bandpass filter. During operation, the system is operative to determine a Doppler shift and to shift the bandpass filter in response.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for dynamically modifying filter characteristics of a Delta-Sigma modulator. The system is used for wide bandwidth radio system designed to adapt to various global radio standards and, more particularly, to a cellular radio architecture that employs a combination of a single circulator, programmable band-pass sampling radio frequency (RF) front-end and optimized digital baseband that is capable of supporting all current cellular wireless access protocol frequency bands.