Abstract: An improved PTC current limiting composition has been provided which comprises a chemically cross-linked thermosetting polyester resin and conductive particles dispersed in the resin. The thermosetting polyester resin is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene glycol fumarate, polypropylene glycol adipate fumarate, neopentyl glycol isophthalate fumarate, and neopentyl glycol phthalate fumarate. The conductive additive particles are selected from the group consisting of graphite and/or carbon black. The composition exhibits PTC behavior when cross-linked by a vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, vinyl toluene and tertiary butyl styrene. Curing proceeds by free-radical addition across double bonds of the thermosetting polyester resin and is initiated by organic peroxides. Initial gelation which causes cross-linking but not final curing takes about 0.5 to 4 hours at a temperature of about 25.degree. C. to 125.degree. C. The final cure takes about 0.

Abstract: A circuit controller for selectively connecting a power source to a load includes a non-overcurrent protective electrical switching mechanism and a conductive polymer current limiter connected in series with the load for limiting the current which flows through the switching mechanism whenever the power source is selectively connected to the load. The conductive polymer current limiter may include a plurality of parallel conductive polymer positive temperature coefficient (PTC) resistors. The circuit controller may include an electrical switching mechanism which, under short circuit conditions, remains selectively connected to the load. The short circuit current which is limited by the conductive polymer current limiter continues to flow through the electrical switching mechanism. The switching mechanism may include a contactor having separable contacts, and may further include a circuit interrupter, in order to provide a separate circuit disconnection mechanism.

Abstract: The invention provides an electrical circuit protection device using a conductive liquid contained in a flexible tube contacted and sealed at each end by an annular metal electrode capped by a flexible membrane. The flexible tube is further sealed inside a solid insulating tube which contains a ferromagnetic liquid. The ferromagnetic liquid surrounds the flexible tube and remains in intimate contact with the outside of the flexible tube and is connected to a load sensing element which generates a magnetic field in the ferromagnetic fluid in response to excessive currents applied in the current path through the conductive liquid between the electrodes. This assembly is contained inside a tubular resistor. Under normal current conditions, a current flows through the conductive liquid which has relatively low resistivity.

Abstract: Arc-quenching coating compositions are provided with effective arc-extinguishing properties and improved track resistance properties, and are relatively easy to apply in liquid form. The coating compositions are used, for example, in high voltage current limiting fuses, expulsion fuses, circuit breakers, circuit interrupters, separable cable connectors, or the like for interrupting circuits. The arc-quenching coating compositions include an arc-quenching gas-evolving material (A) and a film-forming polymer (B) having minimal tracking properties, in which the film-forming polymer (B) acts as a liquid vehicle for the coating composition. The arc-quenching material (A) is preferably selected from the group of guanidine, guanidine carbonate, guanidine acetate, 1,3-diphenylguanidine, guanine, melamine, melamine cyanurate, urea, hydantoin, allantoin and derivatives and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Effective arc-quenching is desired for current interrupters as defined to include circuit breakers, contactors, fuses and the like under conditions of operation where an electrical arc is produced that must be quenched to eliminate an undesirable current flow. An improved mode of arc-quenching coatings comprising urethane, melamine and acrylic based resin compositions containing inorganic nitrides such as boron nitride, aluminum nitride and silicon nitride are found to be effective as arc-quenching materials for current interrupters. Other coating compositions comprising urethane, melamine and inorganic nitrides mentioned above and high nitrogen organic compounds such as urea, hydantoin, allantoin, guanidine carbonate, guanine, melamine cyanurate and 1,3-diphenyl guanidine are also found to be effective as arc-quenching materials for current interrupters.

Abstract: Surfactants in an aqueous solution is recovered from polychlorinated biphenyls and other aromatic organic compounds contaminating the solution. An electrical current is passed through a surfactant-containing aqueous solution contaminated with a colloidal dispersion of organic compounds at a voltage sufficient to electrochemically breakup the dispersion without polymerizing the surfactant. The contaminating aromatic organic compounds are then separated from the surfactant-containing aqueous solution. The separated surfactant-containing aqueous solution may be recirculated to a waste treatment process for cleaning additional organic compounds from contaminated equipment.

Abstract: Electrical insulation materials containing a synergistic mixture of either a metal acetylacetonate and a dicyclopentadienyl metal compound, a chromium salt and a dicyclopentadienyl compound, or a chromium salt and a metal acetylacetonate have unexpectedly high levels of corona resistance. The insulation materials preferably are prepared by dissolving the synergistic mixture in an organic resin such as an epoxy resin and then curing the resin.

Abstract: An epoxy resinous composition suitable for impregnating windings of turbine generators comprises a reaction product of an epoxy resin and maleic anhydride combined with a vinyl monomer, a (vinyl or isopropenyl)phenyl glycidyl ether which co-reacts with the epoxy diester prepolymer formed from said reaction product, and the polymerized vinyl monomer, and an anhydride.

Abstract: A method of producing organo-phophorus polymers is disclosed. The polymers will exhibit zero shrinkage and even expansion, will be useful in high voltage, high temperature electrical applications and will exhibit mechanical strength and flame retardant properties.

Abstract: Whether a compound will thermoparticulate, that is, decompose to produce particles detectable by an ion chamber monitor or a condensation nuclei monitor and, if so, at what temperature, is predicted by determining the decomposition products of the compound, eliminating the compound if none of its decomposition products are greater than 25 .ANG., and using the temperature at which the decomposition products greater than 25 .ANG. have a vapor pressure of 10 millimeters as an estimate of the temperature at which the compound will decompose to produce products detectable by the monitor. Also disclosed are compounds which have been found to thermoparticulate at low temperatures.

Abstract: A curable resinous composition is made comprising an anaerobically polymerizable liquid material, and a curing agent comprising: a complex of a free radical initiator, and an accelerator, said accelerator comprising a complex of a tertiary amine and sulfur dioxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a composition of an epoxy resin and about 0.1 to about 2 moles per epoxy equivalent weight of a .beta.-diketo amide having the general formula ##STR1## where R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl to C.sub.20, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, and arylalkyl, R.sub.2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and R.sub.1, and R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of aryl and R.sub.1. A .beta.-diketo modified epoxy resin is also disclosed which has the general formula ##STR2## The .beta.-diketo modified epoxy resin is used in resin compositions to increase their adherence to metals and to chelate with metal containing catalysts, forming self-catalyzed resins.

Abstract: A method is disclosed of immobilizing actinide metal oxide ions. A liquid composition is prepared of the actinide metal oxide ions and a monomer which is capable during electropolymerization of complexing with the actinide metal ions. An optional polar solvent may be included in the composition if it is necessary to dissolve a solid monomer. The monomer is then electropolymerized to form a polymeric complex with the actinide metal oxide ion. The polymeric complex can be separated from the remainder of the liquid composition by the addition of a non-solvent for the polymeric complex which results in its precipitation. Vinylimidazoles have been found to be suitable monomers for use in this process.

Abstract: A water soluble addition copolymer is formed by reaction admixing a monomer having a pendant vinyl group attached to at least one ring structure selected from the group consisting of nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring structures and aromatic ring structures and their mixtures, and a monomer selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, fumaronitrile, tetracyanoethylene, maleimide and their mixtures, where such addition copolymer can be used alone, as curable a insulating coating composition, or can be added to a resin, to form a curable resinous insulating coating composition.

Abstract: A method of curing an anaerobic resin, which primarily contains acrylic resin, includes externally catalyzing the cure of the resin with a metal-beta keto ester complex having the structural formula: ##STR1## where M is a transition metal; R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, and hydrocarbon substituted aromatic; R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 are selected from hydrogen, alkyl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, benzene, naphthalene, anthracene and hydrocarbon substituted aromatic; R.sub.4 is selected from alkyl groups having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and n is equal to the valence of the metal M.

Abstract: A flexible mica tape having a low gel time is prepared from a composition of an epoxy resin, an organotin salt, and catechol or pyrogallol. A mica sheet is immersed in the composition and the solvent is evaporated to form a tack-free A-staged resin. A conductor is wound with the tape and is impregnated with an impregnating resin using vacuum-pressure impregnation.

Abstract: A water soluble addition copolymer is formed by reaction admixing a monomer having a pendant vinyl group attached to at least one ring structure selected from the group consisting of nitrogen containing heterocyclic ring structures and aromatic ring structures and their mixtures, and a monomer selected from the group consisting of maleic anhydride, fumaronitrile, tetracyanoethylene, maleimide and their mixtures, where such addition copolymer can be used alone, as curable an insulating coating composition, or can be added to a resin, to form a curable resinous insulating coating composition.

Abstract: A flexible mica tape having a low gel time is prepared from a composition of an epoxy resin, an organotin salt, and catechol or pyrogallol. A mica sheet is immersed in the composition and the solvent is evaporated to form a tack-free A-staged resin. A conductor is wound with the tape and is impregnated with an impregnating resin using vacuum-pressure impregnation.

Abstract: A low temperature, fast curing epoxy insulating composition is made by low temperature mixing an epoxy resin with a carboxylic acid anhydride complex, the anhydride complex being the low temperature reaction product of a selected Lewis Acid catalyst and a carboxylic acid anhydride.

Abstract: An article, such as a mica wrapped coil, a dynamo-electric machine component containing mica wrapped coils, or a metal substrate, is insulated by: (A) applying wet epoxy resin to the article, (B) contacting the wet epoxy resin with a titanate solution, for a time effective to form a resin impervious, gelled epoxy skin on the surface of the epoxy resin, where the titanate solution consists essentially of organo-titanate and an organic, non-polar solvent, where the weight ratio of organo-titanate:organic non-polar solvent is from 1:2.5 to 1:99, and (C) curing the epoxy resin.