Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus which utilizes an electrolytic droplet retained between a first and second sensing electrode within a housing. Contact between the electrolyte droplet and the electrodes form electric double layers (EDL) having interfacial EDL capacitance proportional to interface contact area which varies in response to mechanical pressure applied to deform exterior portions of the housing. The electrolyte contains a sufficient percentage of glycerol to prevent evaporative effects. Preferably, the sensing electrodes are modified with depressions, hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions to increase central anchoring of the electrolyte droplet within the housing. The inventive pressure sensor provides high sensitivity and resolution which is beneficial to numerous applications, and is particularly well-suited for medical sensing applications.

Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus which utilizes an electrolytic droplet retained between a first and second sensing electrode within a housing. Contact between the electrolyte droplet and the electrodes form electric double layers (EDL) having interfacial EDL capacitance proportional to interface contact area which varies in response to mechanical pressure applied to deform exterior portions of the housing. The electrolyte contains a sufficient percentage of glycerol to prevent evaporative effects. Preferably, the sensing electrodes are modified with depressions, hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions to increase central anchoring of the electrolyte droplet within the housing. The inventive pressure sensor provides high sensitivity and resolution which is beneficial to numerous applications, and is particularly well-suited for medical sensing applications.

Abstract: A liquid column-based normal/shear pressure/force sensing device having an elastic electrolyte-electrode contact with large interfacial capacitance to achieve high sensitivity and resolution with flexible and transparent constructs.

Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus which utilizes an electrolytic droplet retained between a first and second sensing electrode within a housing. Contact between the electrolyte droplet and the electrodes form electric double layers (EDL) having interfacial EDL capacitance proportional to interface contact area which varies in response to mechanical pressure applied to deform exterior portions of the housing. The electrolyte contains a sufficient percentage of glycerol to prevent evaporative effects. Preferably, the sensing electrodes are modified with depressions, hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions to increase central anchoring of the electrolyte droplet within the housing. The inventive pressure sensor provides high sensitivity and resolution which is beneficial to numerous applications, and is particularly well-suited for medical sensing applications.

Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus which utilizes an electrolytic droplet retained between a first and second sensing electrode within a housing. Contact between the electrolyte droplet and the electrodes form electric double layers (EDL) having interfacial EDL capacitance proportional to interface contact area which varies in response to mechanical pressure applied to deform exterior portions of the housing. The electrolyte contains a sufficient percentage of glycerol to prevent evaporative effects. Preferably, the sensing electrodes are modified with depressions, hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions to increase central anchoring of the electrolyte droplet within the housing. The inventive pressure sensor provides high sensitivity and resolution which is beneficial to numerous applications, and is particularly well-suited for medical sensing applications.

Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus which utilizes an electrolytic droplet retained between a first and second sensing electrode within a housing. Contact between the electrolyte droplet and the electrodes form electric double layers (EDL) having interfacial EDL capacitance proportional to interface contact area which varies in response to mechanical pressure applied to deform exterior portions of the housing. The electrolyte contains a sufficient percentage of glycerol to prevent evaporative effects. Preferably, the sensing electrodes are modified with depressions, hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions to increase central anchoring of the electrolyte droplet within the housing. The inventive pressure sensor provides high sensitivity and resolution which is beneficial to numerous applications, and is particularly well-suited for medical sensing applications.

Abstract: A pressure sensing apparatus which utilizes an electrolytic droplet retained between a first and second sensing electrode within a housing. Contact between the electrolyte droplet and the electrodes form electric double layers (EDL) having interfacial EDL capacitance proportional to interface contact area which varies in response to mechanical pressure applied to deform exterior portions of the housing. The electrolyte contains a sufficient percentage of glycerol to prevent evaporative effects. Preferably, the sensing electrodes are modified with depressions, hydrophilic and/or hydrophobic portions to increase central anchoring of the electrolyte droplet within the housing. The inventive pressure sensor provides high sensitivity and resolution which is beneficial to numerous applications, and is particularly well-suited for medical sensing applications.

Abstract: Elevated intra-ocular pressure is reduced by administration directly to the eye of compounds that inhibit function of a Na+—K+—2Cl−2 cotransporter mechanism discovered in trabecular meshwork cells of mammalian eyes. These compounds are useful in treatment of diseases of the eye associated with elevated intra-ocular pressure, such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma. A screening method is provided to discover additional compounds with utility for lowering intra-ocular pressure by substantially inhibiting the Na+—K+—Cl−2 cotransporter mechanism in trabecular meshwork cells.

Abstract: Elevated intra-ocular pressure is reduced by administration directly to the eye of compounds that activate the Cl and K channels of the trabecular meshwork and/or Schlemm's canal endothelial cells of the mammalian eyes. Intra-ocular pressure may further be reduced by the co-administration of compounds that inhibit function of a Na+—K+—2Cl− co-transporter mechanism of the trabecular meshwork and/or Schlemm's canal endothelial cells. These compounds are useful in treatment of diseases of the eye associated with elevated intra-ocular pressure, such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma. A screening method is provided to discover additional compounds with utility for lowering intra-ocular pressure by substantially activating the Cl and K channels.

Abstract: Elevated intra-ocular pressure is reduced by administration directly to the eye of compounds that inhibit function of a Na+—K+—2Cl−2 cotransporter mechanism discovered in trabecular meshwork cells of mammalian eyes. These compounds are useful in treatment of diseases of the eye associated with elevated intra-ocular pressure, such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma. A screening method is provided to discover additional compounds with utility for lowering intra-ocular pressure by substantially inhibiting the Na+—K+—Cl−2 cotransporter mechanism in trabecular meshwork cells.

Abstract: Elevated intra-ocular pressure is reduced by administration directly to the eye of compounds that inhibit function of a Na+—K+—2Cl−2 cotransporter mechanism discovered in trabecular meshwork cells of mammalian eyes. These compounds are useful in treatment of diseases of the eye associated with elevated intra-ocular pressure, such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma. A screening method is provided to discover additional compounds with utility for lowering intra-ocular pressure by substantially inhibiting the Na+—K+—Cl−2 cotransporter mechanism in trabecular meshwork cells.

Abstract: Elevated intra-ocular pressure is reduced by administration directly to the eye of benzmetanide that inhibits function of a Na.sup.+ --K.sup.+ --2Cl.sup.-2 cotransporter mechanism discovered in trabecular meshwork cells of mammalian eyes. Benzmetanide is useful in treatment of diseases of the eye associated with elevated intra-ocular pressure, such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma.

Abstract: Elevated intraocular pressure is reduced by administration directly to the eye of compounds that inhibit function of a Na.sup.+ --K.sup.+ --2Cl.sup.-2 cotransporter mechanism discovered in trabecular meshwork cells of mammalian eyes. These compounds are useful in treatment of diseases of the eye associated with elevated intraocular pressure, such as ocular hypertension and glaucoma. A screening method is provided to discover additional compounds with utility for lowering intraocular pressure by substantially inhibiting the Na.sup.+ --K.sup.+ --Cl.sup.-2 cotransporter mechanism in trabecular meshwork cells.