Abstract: The present disclosure provides a multiphoton imaging method. The method includes a) immersing a semi-submersible microscope objective in a liquid medium that is at least one of scattering or absorbing; b) directing laser light through the semi-submersible microscope objective and into the liquid medium in an image-wise manner under conditions such that multiphoton absorption by the multiphoton absorber occurs, and at least partial polymerization of the polymerizable compound occurs resulting in an article; and c) removing uncured polymerizable compound to clean the article. The liquid medium includes a polymerizable compound, a secondary component, and a multiphoton absorber. An article is also provided. The article includes a material defining one or more tortuous or arcuate channels, one or more internal architectural voids, one or more undercuts, one or more perforations, or combinations thereof, at least one of which exhibits a surface roughness of 1.0 micrometer Ra or less.

Abstract: A removable dental appliance may include an appliance body configured to at least partially surround a plurality of teeth. The appliance body may include a unitary material defining a shell shaped to receive at least one tooth of the patient; a spring member integrally formed with the shell; and a positioning member integrally formed with the shell. The spring member may be configured to receive an attachment affixed to the at least one tooth. The spring member may be configured to apply a spring force to the attachment to cause movement of the at least one tooth toward a desired position when the removable dental appliance is worn by the patient. The positioning member may be configured to facilitate engagement of the spring member with the attachment in response to a positioning force being applied to the positioning member.

Abstract: The apparatus (1000) includes a housing (110), a chamber (120) disposed in the housing, at least two light emitting diodes (LEDs) (130) disposed within the housing (110), and a user interface (140) disposed on an exterior (112) of the housing. The chamber (120) is adaptable to each of an open, closed, and hermetically sealed configuration. The chamber (120) includes a material transparent to actinic radiation and light from the LEDs (130) enters the chamber from more than one direction. The user interface (140) includes a display (142) and program switches (144) configured to adjust at least three operational parameters of the apparatus. The apparatus (1000) further includes a vacuum pump (150) operatively coupled to the chamber (120). The system includes the apparatus (1000) and an article (180). An article includes layers of at least one photopolymerized crosslinked composition and a low extractable component content.

Abstract: Techniques are described for automating the design and manufacture a dental restoration appliance for restoring the dental anatomy of a patient. For example, a system processes a digital three-dimensional (3D) model of a future (desired) dental anatomy of a patient, the future dental anatomy representing an intended shape of at least one tooth of the patient. The system includes a landmark identifier configured to automatically compute, based on the digital 3D model of the future dental anatomy of the patient, one or more landmarks of the future dental anatomy of the patient. The system also includes a custom feature generator configured to automatically generate, based on the one or more landmarks, one or more custom appliance features for a dental appliance for restoring the at least one tooth of the patient. The system further includes a memory device configured to store a digital model of the dental appliance.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient includes a custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient comprising: a mold body for a patient-specific, customized fit with the facial side and the lingual side of at least two adjacent teeth of the patient, and a flexible film, wherein the mold body is configured to combine with the flexible film to form a mold cavity encompassing missing tooth structure of at least one tooth to be restored.

Abstract: A removable dental appliance may include an appliance body configured to at least partially surround a plurality of teeth of a dental arch of a patient. The appliance body may include a unitary material defining a shell shaped to receive at least one tooth of the patient and a spring member integrally formed with the shell. The spring member may be configured to receive an attachment. The attachment may be configured to affix to the at least one tooth. The spring member may be configured to apply a spring force to the attachment to cause at least one of a rotation, a translation, a tipping, a torqueing, an extrusion, or an intrusion of the at least one tooth toward a desired position of the tooth when the removable dental appliance is worn by the patient.

Abstract: An example removable dental appliance includes an appliance body configured to at least partially surround a plurality of teeth of a dental arch of a patient. The appliance body includes a shell shaped to engage a tooth in an initial position and a gingival ridge extending from a mesial interproximal region along a gingival edge of the shell to a distal interproximal region. The gingival ridge is configured to engage a lingual or labial surface of the tooth below a height of contour of the tooth to enable the appliance body to apply a force vector at a contact point on the tooth to cause movement of the tooth toward a desired position of the tooth when the removable dental appliance is worn by the patient.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient includes a one-piece mold body providing for a customized fit with at least one tooth of the patient, the one-piece mold body including an occlusal portion forming an occlusal surface corresponding with an occlusal surface of the tooth, a mesial proximal portion forming a mesial proximal surface corresponding with a mesial proximal surface of the tooth, and a distal proximal portion forming a distal proximal surface corresponding with a distal proximal surface of the tooth. The mold body is configured to combine with the tooth of the patient to form a mold cavity encompassing missing tooth structure of the tooth. The occlusal portion, the mesial proximal portion, and the distal proximal portion are based on three-dimensional scan data of the mouth of the patient.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method of making an orthodontic article. The method includes (a) providing a photopolymerizable composition; (b) selectively curing the photopolymerizable composition using actinic radiation to form an article in the shape of an orthodontic article including a number of layers of at least one photopolymerized polymer; and (c) moving the article and thereby generating a mass inertial force in the uncured photopolymerizable composition. The article has a first surface, and no more than 75% of the first surface has a slope magnitude greater than 2.5 degrees. Orthodontic articles are also provided, including an orthodontic article that is prepared according to the method. Orthodontic articles having low extractable component content are further provided. The mass inertial force tends to form a coating layer of uncured photopolymerizable composition on the article, and curing the coating layer can form a surface having low slope magnitude.

Abstract: Three-dimensional printed dental crowns and methods of making the same. The dental crown may include one or more three-dimensional printed parts and is formed into a shell shaped to cover a portion of a tooth of a patient; a three-dimensionally printed coating retention layer that comprises a plurality of interstitial regions; and a composition on the coating retention layer and within the plurality of the interstitial regions to bond the coating composition to the shell.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient includes a first mold body providing for a customized fit with at least one tooth of the patient. The first mold body includes a portion corresponding with at least a first surface of the tooth and an interproximal portion corresponding with an interproximal surface of the tooth, the interproximal portion being of unitary construction. The first mold body is configured to combine with the tooth of the patient to form a mold cavity encompassing a first portion of missing tooth structure of the tooth.

Abstract: An orthodontic article is described comprising a cured composition comprising the reaction product of free-radically polymerizable resin comprising at least one monomer, oligomer and/or polymer, comprising at least two (meth)acryl moieties; a monofunctional reactive diluent; and a polymer or macromolecule comprising a free-radical photoinitiator group. The polymer or macromolecule has a molecular weight of at least 500 g/mole. In one embodiment, the cured composition comprises a first and second photoinitiator wherein at least one is a polymer or macromolecule. Also described are photopolymerizable compositions and methods.

Abstract: A tool for forming a dental restoration includes a mold body configured to provide a customized fit with at least one tooth of a patient. In some examples, the mold body defines an aperture configured to align with a portion of a surface of a tooth. The aperture is sufficiently large to allow placement and flow of restorative material over the desired portion of the surface of the tooth to be restored. The mold body is configured to combine with the at least one tooth of the patient to define a mold cavity encompassing at least a portion of desired tooth structure of the tooth to be restored.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient includes a one-piece mold body providing for a customized fit with at least one tooth of the patient, the one-piece mold body including an occlusal portion forming an occlusal surface corresponding with an occlusal surface of the tooth, a mesial proximal portion forming a mesial proximal surface corresponding with a mesial proximal surface of the tooth, and a distal proximal portion forming a distal proximal surface corresponding with a distal proximal surface of the tooth. The mold body is configured to combine with the tooth of the patient to form a mold cavity encompassing missing tooth structure of the tooth. The occlusal portion, the mesial proximal portion, and the distal proximal portion are based on three-dimensional scan data of the mouth of the patient.

Abstract: A removable dental appliance may include an appliance body configured to at least partially surround a plurality of teeth of a dental arch of a patient. The appliance body may include a unitary material defining a shell shaped to receive at least one tooth of the patient and a spring member integrally formed with the shell. The spring member may be configured to receive an attachment. The attachment may be configured to affix to the at least one tooth. The spring member may be configured to apply a spring force to the attachment to cause at least one of a rotation, a translation, a tipping, a torqueing, an extrusion, or an intrusion of the at least one tooth toward a desired position of the tooth when the removable dental appliance is worn by the patient.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient includes a facial mold body for a patient-specific, customized fit with the facial side of at least one tooth of the patient, wherein the facial mold body includes a restorative portion and a first engagement portion extending away from the restorative portion; a lingual mold body for a patient-specific, customized fit with the lingual side of the tooth of the patient, wherein the lingual mold body includes a restorative portion and a first engagement portion extending away from the restorative portion; wherein the first engagement portion of the facial mold body interlocks with the first engagement portion of the lingual mold body; and wherein the facial mold body and lingual mold body are configured to combine with the tooth of the patient to form a mold cavity encompassing missing tooth structure of at least one tooth to be restored.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient. The custom tool includes a facial mold body for a patient-specific, customized fit with the facial side of at least one tooth of the patient, wherein the facial mold body includes a restorative portion, at least one aperture aligned with a portion of a surface of a tooth to be restored and at least one door having an inner surface forming a portion of the mold cavity encompassing missing tooth structure of the tooth to be restored, wherein the door mates with the aperture; a lingual mold body for a patient-specific, customized fit with the lingual side of the tooth of the patient, wherein the lingual mold body includes a restorative portion; wherein the facial mold body and lingual mold body are configured to interlock together; and wherein the facial mold body and lingual mold body are configured to combine with the tooth of the patient to form a mold cavity encompassing missing tooth structure of at least one tooth to be restored.

Abstract: A custom tool for forming a dental restoration in a mouth of a patient includes a first mold body providing for a customized fit with at least one tooth of the patient. The first mold body includes a portion corresponding with at least a first surface of the tooth and an interproximal portion corresponding with an interproximal surface of the tooth, the interproximal portion being of unitary construction. The first mold body is configured to combine with the tooth of the patient to form a mold cavity encompassing a first portion of missing tooth structure of the tooth.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an aqueous dispersion. The aqueous dispersion includes a) water; b) a surfactant having at least one ethylenically unsaturated group; and c) polyester particles dispersed in the water. The polyester particles include a water-insoluble polyester having a weight average molecular weight of 20 kiloDaltons or greater, and the polyester particles have an average diameter that is submicron in size. Further, the present disclosure provides a method of making the aqueous dispersion. The method includes a) dissolving a water-insoluble polyester in a water-immiscible solvent to form a polyester solution; b) combining the polyester solution with an aqueous solution including water and a surfactant; and c) removing at least a portion of the water-immiscible solvent to form the aqueous dispersion including polyester particles dispersed in the water.

Abstract: Orthodontic articles and polymerizable resin compositions are described. The orthodontic article comprises a cured composition comprising the reaction product of free-radically polymerizable resin comprising 30 to 70 wt. %, inclusive, of at least one urethane component, and 25 to 70 wt. %, inclusive, of reactive diluent(s) comprising at least one monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomer. The polymerizable resin comprises no greater than 35 wt. % of reactive diluent(s) having a high affinity for water. Reactive diluent(s) such as monofunctional (meth)acrylate monomers having a high affinity for water have low log P values. In one embodiment, the polymerizable resin comprises at least one acidic monomer.