Abstract: Described techniques and tools include techniques and tools for mapping digital media data (e.g., audio, video, still images, and/or text, among others) in a given format to a transport or file container format useful for encoding the data on optical disks such as digital video disks (DVDs). A digital media universal elementary stream can be used to map digital media streams (e.g., an audio stream, video stream or an image) into any arbitrary transport or file container, including optical disk formats, and other transports, such as broadcast streams, wireless transmissions, etc. The information to decode any given frame of the digital media in the stream can be carried in each coded frame. A digital media universal elementary stream includes stream components called chunks. An implementation of a digital media universal elementary stream arranges data for a media stream in frames, the frames having one or more chunks.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a virtual sound source position by determining an output for loudspeakers by the position of the loudspeakers in relation to a listener. The output of respective loudspeakers is generated using aural cues to give the listener knowledge of the virtual position of the virtual sound source. Both a gain in intensity and a delay are simulated.

Abstract: A speaker virtualization system provides virtual surround sound using a pair of physical loudspeakers. A multiple surround audio channels input is processed using a combination of head related transfer functions and shaped reverberation to provide widening and front/back auditory clues without requiring any kind of interaural path cancellation. The system uses a 360 degree power-response head related transfer function to provide perceptual separation of the reverberant and direct paths, along with discrete, different reverberation for left and right rendering channels to provide envelopment. By eliminating interaural path cancellation, the speaker virtualization system also produces a wider virtual surround sound effect, without dependency on head position and facing.

Abstract: Devices and methods are adapted to characterize a multi-channel loudspeaker configuration, to correct loudspeaker/room delay, gain and frequency response or to configure sub-band domain correction filters.

Abstract: The level of an audio signal can be compressed by receiving an input audio signal, determining a measure of loudness of the signal using a perceptually derived filter, determining a target gain amount, determining a current gain amount using piecewise linear attack/release logic, and producing an output audio signal by adjusting the input audio signal by the current gain amount. An audio compression filter for compressing the level of audio can comprise a loudness measuring module configured to determine a measure of loudness using a perceptually derived filter, and a compression module configured to determine a target gain amount, determine a current gain amount using piecewise linear attack/release logic, and adjust an input audio signal by the current gain amount. Audio level compression can be implemented using integer calculations.

Abstract: Bass frequencies of audio can be dynamically boosted using various techniques and tools. The described techniques and tools can be applied separately or in combination. Bass frequencies of audio can be boosted using a linear combination of an input audio signal and output of a high-pass filter. For example, bass frequencies of audio can be boosted by applying a high-pass filter to an input audio signal to produce an output of the high-pass filter, determining a current level, determining a target gain amount, dynamically adjusting the input audio signal and the output of the high-pass filter, and combining the gain-adjusted signals to produce an output signal. A dynamic bass boost filter can comprise a high-pass filter and a dynamic boost module.

Abstract: In an embodiment of the present invention the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) System Scope Initializer works on the premise of generating one JVM instance to be used by all processes system wide. An advantage in the present invention is that all processes that would normally otherwise have to instantiate a JVM, which can be on the order of millions of instructions (per process) can in large part be avoided realizing instead a tremendous system resource savings system wide. Another advantage can be that all processes that would normally otherwise have to instantiate a JVM, which can have a memory footprint on the order of megabytes (per process), can share the same memory view again realizing tremendous system resource savings system wide.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing audio data comprising an interaural time delay correction factor unit for receiving a plurality of channels of audio data and generating an interaural time delay correction factor. An interaural time delay correction factor insertion unit for modifying the plurality of channels of audio data as a function of the interaural time delay correction factor.

Abstract: Bass frequencies of audio can be boosted using various techniques and tools. The described techniques and tools can be applied separately or in combination. For example, bass frequencies of audio can be boosted using an integer bass boost filter by receiving user-settable parameters, such as “c” and “s” coefficients, and implementing the integer bass boost filter using a coupled form structure implementation and the user-settable parameters. Bass frequencies of audio can also be boosted using an integer bass boost filter that is configured to use any of plural coupled form structure implementations. Bass frequencies of audio can be also be boosted using a linear combination of an input audio signal and output of a high-pass filter.

Abstract: Described techniques and tools include techniques and tools for mapping digital media data (e.g., audio, video, still images, and/or text, among others) in a given format to a transport or file container format useful for encoding the data on optical disks such as digital video disks (DVDs). A digital media universal elementary stream can be used to map digital media streams (e.g., an audio stream, video stream or an image) into any arbitrary transport or file container, including optical disk formats, and other transports, such as broadcast streams, wireless transmissions, etc. The information to decode any given frame of the digital media in the stream can be carried in each coded frame. A digital media universal elementary stream includes stream components called chunks. An implementation of a digital media universal elementary stream arranges data for a media stream in frames, the frames having one or more chunks.

Abstract: A method and apparatus processes multi-channel audio by encoding, transmitting or recording “dry” audio tracks or “stems” in synchronous relationship with time-variable metadata controlled by a content producer and representing a desired degree and quality of diffusion. Audio tracks are compressed and transmitted in connection with synchronized metadata representing diffusion and preferably also mix and delay parameters. The separation of audio stems from diffusion metadata facilitates the customization of playback at the receiver, taking into account the characteristics of local playback environment.

Abstract: A stereo image can be widened by converting a stereo audio signal into a sum-difference audio signal, applying HRTF processing to the difference channel, and producing an output stereo audio signal. A stereo image can also be widened by receiving a stereo signal, converting the stereo signal into a sum-difference signal, applying HRTF processing to only the difference channel, upsampling the sum-difference signal, applying distortion, downsampling the sum-difference signal, and converting the sum-difference signal into a stereo signal. A system for widening a stereo image can comprise an input module configured to convert a stereo audio signal into a sum-difference audio signal, an HRTF module configured to apply HRTF processing to only the difference channel, a distortion module configured to apply a first distortion to the sum channel and a second different distortion to the difference channel, and an output module configured to produce an output stereo audio signal.

Abstract: A method and apparatus processes multi-channel audio by encoding, transmitting or recording “dry” audio tracks or “stems” in synchronous relationship with time-variable metadata controlled by a content producer and representing a desired degree and quality of diffusion. Audio tracks are compressed and transmitted in connection with synchronized metadata representing diffusion and preferably also mix and delay parameters. The separation of audio stems from diffusion metadata facilitates the customization of playback at the receiver, taking into account the characteristics of local playback environment.

Abstract: Described techniques and tools include techniques and tools for mapping digital media data (e.g., audio, video, still images, and/or text, among others) in a given format to a transport or file container format useful for encoding the data on optical disks such as digital video disks (DVDs). A digital media universal elementary stream can be used to map digital media streams (e.g., an audio stream, video stream or an image) into any arbitrary transport or file container, including optical disk formats, and other transports, such as broadcast streams, wireless transmissions, etc. The information to decode any given frame of the digital media in the stream can be carried in each coded frame. A digital media universal elementary stream includes stream components called chunks. An implementation of a digital media universal elementary stream arranges data for a media stream in frames, the frames having one or more chunks.

Abstract: Loudness-based compensation systems and techniques are described which provide audio compensation in noisy environments. Loudness approximations are determined for an audio block both by itself and in the presence of background noise. These approximations utilize compression of audio intensity within frequency bands in order to better reflect listeners' hearing perception. From these loudness approximations, a gain is determined for the audio block and then applied in such a manner that the effect is not jarring to listeners.

Abstract: The present invention counterbalances background noise by applying dynamic equalization. A psychoacoustic model representing the perception of masking effects of background noise relative to a desired foreground soundtrack is used to accurately counterbalance background noise. A microphone samples what the listener is hearing and separates the desired soundtrack from the interfering noise. The signal and noise components are analyzed from a psychoacoustic perspective and the soundtrack is equalized such that the frequencies that were originally masked are unmasked. Subsequently, the listener may hear the soundtrack over the noise. Using this process the EQ can continuously adapt to the background noise level without any interaction from the listener and only when required. When the background noise subsides, the EQ adapts back to its original level and the user does not experience unnecessarily high loudness levels.

Abstract: This invention relates to dietary supplement compositions, foodstuffs (e.g., animal feed) comprising the same and methods of utilizing the same. In particular, the invention provides ruminant dietary supplement compositions (e.g., comprising a protein extract (e.g., a crude protein extract (e.g., a bacterial or yeast extract))) having a specific nitrogen and/or amino acid profile and a small particle size, methods of manufacturing the same, and compositions containing and methods of using the same (e.g., as a liquid or dry dietary supplement composition or as a component of a foodstuff (e.g., animal feed) to increase ruminant protein and amino acid absorption).

Abstract: An apparatus for processing audio data comprising an interaural time delay correction factor unit for receiving a plurality of channels of audio data and generating an interaural time delay correction factor. An interaural time delay correction factor insertion unit for modifying the plurality of channels of audio data as a function of the interaural time delay correction factor.

Abstract: A system for decorrelating signals including a first all pass filter, having a first delay length, processing a first signal. A second all pass filter, having a second delay length, is connected to the first all pass filter and processes the first signal after processing by the first all pass filter. A third all pass filter, having a third delay length, processes a second signal. A fourth all pass filter, having a fourth delay length, is connected to the third all pass filter and processes the second signal after processing by the third all pass filter. The first delay length, the second delay length, the third delay length and the fourth delay length each have a unique value, and the sum of the first delay length and the second delay length is equal to the sum of the third delay length and the fourth delay length.

Abstract: Systems and methods for determining a virtual sound source position by determining an output for loudspeakers by the position of the loudspeakers in relation to a listener. The output of respective loudspeakers is generated using aural cues to give the listener knowledge of the virtual position of the virtual sound source. Both a gain in intensity and a delay are simulated.