Abstract: Various technologies described herein pertain to controlling programming for manipulating an input document based on example(s) and/or natural language input(s). A data manipulation system includes an interface component configured to receive an input document, which is semi-structured or unstructured. The data manipulation system further includes an extraction component configured to synthesize, based on a first input, a first program for parsing data of the input document. The extraction component is configured to execute the first program on the input document to form structured data. The data manipulation system also includes an operation component configured to synthesize, based on a second input, a second program for performing an operation on the structured data. The operation component is configured to execute the second program on the structured data to generate a result of the operation, which is output by the data manipulation system.