Abstract: A method by a cloud orchestrator to provide subscription-based throttling of virtual applications in a cloud. The method includes determining that a physical resource in the cloud is being overutilized, identifying a virtual application running in the cloud that utilizes the physical resource, determining that the virtual application is to be throttled based on a determination that the virtual application is subscribed to a throttling subscription registry, where the throttling subscription registry specifies a throttling mechanism by which to throttle the virtual application, and executing the throttling mechanism to throttle the virtual application in response to a determination that the virtual application is to be throttled.

Abstract: A method by a cloud orchestrator to provide subscription-based throttling of virtual applications in a cloud. The method includes determining that a physical resource in the cloud is being overutilized, identifying a virtual application running in the cloud that utilizes the physical resource, determining that the virtual application is to be throttled based on a determination that the virtual application is subscribed to a throttling subscription registry, where the throttling subscription registry specifies a throttling mechanism by which to throttle the virtual application, and executing the throttling mechanism to throttle the virtual application in response to a determination that the virtual application is to be throttled.

Abstract: A method by a cloud orchestrator to provide subscription-based throttling of virtual applications in a cloud. The method includes determining that a physical resource in the cloud is being overutilized, identifying a virtual application running in the cloud that utilizes the physical resource, determining that the virtual application is to be throttled based on a determination that the virtual application is subscribed to a throttling subscription registry, where the throttling subscription registry specifies a throttling mechanism by which to throttle the virtual application, and executing the throttling mechanism to throttle the virtual application in response to a determination that the virtual application is to be throttled.

Abstract: A converged Operations Support System (OSS) for managing a hierarchical network environment including a plurality of network domains. In one embodiment, each OSS component of the OSS is mapped against a particular hierarchical information layer of a plurality of hierarchical information layers required to manage the hierarchical network environment. When a query is received at a northbound interface of the OSS from an external requester, a determination is made as to which particular hierarchical information layers are required to generate a response to the query. Responsive to the determination, the query may be forwarded to one or more OSS components mapped to the particular hierarchical information layers for generating a response.

Abstract: A method by a cloud orchestrator to provide subscription-based throttling of virtual applications in a cloud. The method includes determining that a physical resource in the cloud is being overutilized, identifying a virtual application running in the cloud that utilizes the physical resource, determining that the virtual application is to be throttled based on a determination that the virtual application is subscribed to a throttling subscription registry, where the throttling subscription registry specifies a throttling mechanism by which to throttle the virtual application, and executing the throttling mechanism to throttle the virtual application in response to a determination that the virtual application is to be throttled.

Abstract: A method and system for providing local number portability using a concept known as Geographic Unit Building Blocks (GUBB). Service providers (carriers) accept and use a map that divides a geographic area, such as a State, into sub-area GUBBs. The carriers operating within the State jurisdiction would then assign GUBBs to the telephone numbers they serve which accurately reflect each telephone number's geographic location on the State map. All ported numbers will have an explicit GUBB assignment as part of the location routing number (LRN) which would then be stored in the Local Number Portability (LNP) database used to provide translations for routing the call.