Abstract: There is provided use of a mixed metal compound in the manufacture of medicament for neutralizing or buffering stomach acid, wherein the mixed metal compound contains at least one trivalent metal selected from iron (III) and aluminum and at least one divalent metal selected from of magnesium, iron, zinc, calcium, lanthanum and cerium, wherein (A) the mixed metal compound is of formula (I): MII1-aMIIIaObAn?c.zH2O (I) where MII is the at least one bivalent metal; MIII is the at least one trivalent metal; An? at least one n-valent anion; 2+a=2b+?cn and ?cn<0.9a, and z is 2 or less, and/or (B) the mixed metal compound is provided in the form of a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight, based on the weight of the granular material, of the mixed metal compound (ii) from 3 to 12% by weight, based on the weight of the granular material, of non-chemically bound water, and (iii) no greater than 47% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of excipient.

Abstract: There is provided a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of solid water-insoluble mixed metal compound capable of binding phosphate of formula (I): MII1-x.MIIIx(OH)2An?y.zH2O (I) where MII is at least one of magnesium, calcium, lanthanum and cerium; MII is at least iron(III); An is at least one n-valent anion; x=?ny, 0<x?0.67, 0<y?1, and 0?z<10; (ii) from 3 to 12% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of non-chemically bound water, and (iii) no greater than 47% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of excipient.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a mixed metal compound that includes at least Mg2+ and at least Fe3+ having an aluminum content of less than 10000 ppm, having an average crystal size of less than 20 nm (200 ?) comprising the steps of: (a) combining a Mg2+ salt and a Fe3+ salt with Na2CO3 and NaOH to produce a slurry, wherein the pH of the slurry is maintained at from 9.5 to 11, and wherein the Na2CO3 is provided at an excess of 0 to 4.0 moles than is required to complete the reaction (b) subjecting the slurry to mixing under conditions providing a power per unit volume of 0.03 to 1.6 kW/m3 (c) separating the mixed metal compound from the slurry, to obtain a crude product having a dry solid content of at least 10 wt % (d) drying the crude product.

Abstract: There is provided a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of solid water-insoluble mixed metal compound capable of binding phosphate of formula (I): MII1-xMIIIx(OH)2An-y.ZH2O (I) where MII is at least one of magnesium, calcium, lanthanum and cerium; MIII is at least iron(III); An- is at least one n-valent anion; x=?ny; 0<x?0.67, 0<y?1, and 0?z<10; (ii) from 3 to 12% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of non-chemically bound water, and (iii) no greater than 47% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of excipient.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a mixed metal compound comprising at least Mg2+ and at least Fe3+ having an aluminum content of less than 10000 ppm, having an average crystal size of less than 20 nm (200 A) comprising the steps of: (a) combining a Mg2+ salt and a Fe3+ salt with Na2CO3 and NaOH to produce a slurry, wherein the pH of the slurry is maintained at from 9 5 to 1 1, and wherein the Na2CO3 is provided at an excess of 0 to 4.0 moles than is required to complete the reaction (b) subjecting the slurry to mixing under conditions providing a power per unit volume of 0 03 to 1.6 kW/m3 (c) separating the mixed metal compound from the slurry, to obtain a crude product having a dry solid content of at least 10 wt % (d) drying the crude product either by (i) heating the crude product to a temperature of no greater than 150° C. and sufficient to provide a water evaporation rate of 0.

Abstract: There is provided a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of solid water-insoluble mixed metal compound capable of binding phosphate of formula (I): MII1-x.MIIIx(OH)2An?y.zH2O (I) where MII is at least one of magnesium, calcium, lanthanum and cerium; MII is at least iron(III); A is at least one n-valent anion; x=?ny, 0<x?0.67, 0<y?1, and 0?z<10; (ii) from 3 to 12% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of non-chemically bound water, and (iii) no greater than 47% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of excipient.

Abstract: There is provided a method of producing a mixed metal compound comprising at least Mg2+ and at least Fe3 + having an aluminium content of less than 10000 ppm, having an average crystal size of less than 20 nm (200 A) comprising the steps of: (a) combining a Mg2+ salt and a Fe3 + salt with Na2CO3 and NaOH to produce a slurry, wherein the pH of the slurry is maintained at from 9 5 to 1 1, and wherein the Na2CO3 is provided at an excess of 0 to 4.0 moles than is required to complete the reaction (b) subjecting the slurry to mixing under conditions providing a power per unit volume of 0 03 to 1.6 kW/m3 (c) separating the mixed metal compound from the slurry, to obtain a crude product having a dry solid content of at least 10 wt % (d) drying the crude product either by (i) heating the crude product to a temperature of no greater than 150° C. and sufficient to provide a water evaporation rate of 0.

Abstract: There is provided use of a mixed metal compound in the manufacture of medicament for neutralising or buffering stomach acid, wherein the mixed metal compound contains at least one trivalent metal selected from iron (III) and aluminium and at least one divalent metal selected from of magnesium, iron, zinc, calcium, lanthanum and cerium, wherein (A) the mixed metal compound is of formula (I): MII1-aMIIIaObAn-c.zH2O (I) where MII is the at least one bivalent metal; MIII is the at least one trivalent metal; An- at least one n-valent anion; 2+a=2b+?cn and ?cn<0.9a, and z is 2 or less, and/or (B) the mixed metal compound is provided in the form of a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight, based on the weight of the granular material, of the mixed metal compound (ii) from 3 to 12% by weight, based on the weight of the granular material, of non-chemically bound water, and (iii) no greater than 47% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of excipient.

Abstract: There is provided a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of solid water-insoluble mixed metal compound capable of binding phosphate of formula (I): MII1?xMIIIx(OH)2?n?y.ZH2O (I) where MII is at least one of magnesium, calcium, lanthanum and cerium; MIII is at least iron(III); ?n? is at least one n-valent anion; x=?ny; 0<x?0.67, 0<y?1, and 0?z<10; (ii) from 3 to 12% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of non-chemically bound water, and (iii) no greater than 47% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of excipient.

Abstract: A closed-loop biomass extraction apparatus using HFC solvents including an extraction vessel, an evaporator for the solvent, a compressor and a condenser connected in series in a closed loop extraction circuit; a solvent recovery loop constituted by a bypass line; a plurality of flow control valves that are selectively operable for connecting the solvent recovery loop in parallel with the closed loop extraction circuit; and at least one container containing an adsorbent for organic contaminants and a desiccant, the container being connected in the solvent recovery loop to which solvent in the extraction circuit may be supplied through selective operation of the flow control valves whereby solvent used in the extraction circuit may be supplied through the adsorbent and the desiccant.

Abstract: In the field of biomass extraction, there is a need for effective removal of solvent from spent biomass material. An apparatus for removing solvent residues includes a vessel (11) for containing biomass; a steam source (19) for supplying steam to contact the biomass; and a separator (24) for separating solvent from steam that has contacted the biomass. The disclosure also includes a method of use of the apparatus.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing residual solvent levels in extracted biomass that is contaminated with HFC solvent that includes sparging the biomass extract with a solvent stripping gas such as air or nitrogen are disclosed. Apparatus for carrying out the method include a vessel (12;25) containing extract (26) and a source of the gas. The source may be in the form of a moveable, hollow wand (27) having a sparging gas outlet; or a fixed gas inlet (30) for bubbling the gas through the extract (26).

Abstract: In a closed-loop biomass extraction apparatus (10), strategies for purifying HFC solvents used therein include: (i) contacting an adsorbent and a desiccant, e.g. in a container (26) with contaminated HFC solvent branched from the main flow loop; and, optionally, (ii) washing contaminated HFC solvent with water, e.g. in a vessel (34) to separate a co-solvent or entrainer, such as ethanol, thereform.

Abstract: In the field of biomass extraction, there is a need for effective removal of solvent from spent biomass material. An apparatus for removing solvent residues includes a vessel (11) for containing biomass; a steam source (19) for supplying steam to contact the biomass; and a separator (24) for separating solvent from steam that has contacted the biomass. The disclosure includes a method of use of the apparatus.

Abstract: In the field of biomass extraction, there is a need for effective removal of solvent from spent biomass material.

Abstract: An apparatus (10′) for extracting biomass includes an extractor (11), evaporator (12), compressor (13) and condenser (14) connected in series by pipework (17) to define a closed loop extraction circuit. A transfer line (18) selectively supplies hot solvent vapor from the outlet side of the compressor (13) to the interior of the extractor (11), where the solvent vapor heats the biomass. This causes stripping of solvent from the biomass. The transfer line (18) includes control elements (19,20) for controlling the flow of solvent vapor.

Abstract: An apparatus for extracting biomass includes a closed loop circuit having an extraction vessel (11), an evaporator (12), a compressor (13), a condenser (14) and (optionally) a storage reservoir (15) operatively connected in series. A pumped recirculation loop (20) recirculates a portion of the output of the extraction vessel (11) for further contact with biomass. One or more modifiable resistances to flow (12;23) control the flow of solvent around the recirculation loop (20) and the main closed loop.

Abstract: In a closed-loop biomass extraction apparatus (10), strategies for purifying HFC solvents used therein include:

Abstract: A method of reducing residual solvent levels in extracted biomass that is contaminated with HFC solvent includes sparging the biomass extract with a solvent stripping gas such as air or Nitrogen.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for reducing residual solvent levels in extracted biomass that is contaminated with HFC solvent that includes sparging the biomass extract with a solvent stripping gas such as air or nitrogen are disclosed. Apparatus for carrying out the method include a vessel (12;25) containing extract (26) and a source of the gas. The source may be in the form of a moveable, hollow wand (27) having a sparging gas outlet; or a fixed gas inlet (30) for bubbling the gas through the extract (26).