Abstract: An audio system may receive a media stream, via a first wireless connection, in an analog format. The audio system may digitize the media stream, as received via the first wireless connection, to provide a first sub-stream. The audio system may receive a media stream, via a second wireless connection, in a digital format. The media stream from the second wireless connection may be a second sub-stream. The audio system may compare at least one reproduction characteristic of the first sub-stream and the second sub-stream. The audio system may adjust at least one further reproduction characteristic of the second sub-stream based on the comparison.

Abstract: An ingress call filter system enables real-time or near real-time efficiencies of an inter-carrier switch. The ingress call filter determines if a received call to a called party is likely to fail. If the call is likely to fail, the ingress call filter returns an indication that the call should be filtered or rejected. If the call in not likely to fail, the ingress call filter returns an indication that a call router should attempt to establish the call. Such techniques mitigate penalties assessed to the inter-carrier network for incomplete or failed calls in real time or near real time.

Abstract: A method of performing transthoracic defibrillation is described. The method includes generating at least two different defibrillation waveforms using at least two different defibrillation circuits contained in separate housings, delivering each of the at least two different defibrillation waveforms across a respective electrical path of a plurality of electrical paths established across the thoracic cavity and through the heart of a patient by at least three electrodes attached to the thorax of the patient, and synchronizing delivery of the at least two different defibrillation waveforms with communications between the separate housings.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining which type of treatment is most appropriate for (or the physiological state of) a patient. The method comprises transforming one or more time domain measurements from the patient into frequency domain data representative of the frequency content of the time domain measurements; processing the frequency domain data to form a plurality of spectral bands, the content of a spectral band representing the frequency content of the measurements within a frequency band; forming a weighted sum of the content of the spectral bands, with different weighting coefficients applied to at least some of the spectral bands; determining the type of treatment (or physiological state) based on the weighted sum.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining which type of treatment is most appropriate for a cardiac arrest victim, the method comprising transforming one or more time domain electrocardiogram (ECG) signals into a frequency domain representation comprising a plurality of discrete frequency bands, combining the discrete frequency bands into a plurality of analysis bands, wherein there are fewer analysis bands than discrete frequency bands, determining the content of the analysis bands, and determining the type of treatment based on the content of the analysis bands.

Abstract: A method of extending calls includes receiving a request to establish a call session with a called party, and establishing the call session between the calling party and the called party. The method further includes monitoring the length of the established call session, and receiving a message requesting a termination of the call session. Still further, the method includes, in response to receiving the message requesting the termination of the call session, maintaining the established call session for an additional time period, wherein the additional time period plus the monitored length of the established call session is equal to or greater than a threshold of time.

Abstract: To maximize efficiencies and to reduce termination costs of inter-carrier exchanges, an auto-dialer detection system enables an inter-carrier network switch to detect, in real-time or in near real-time, calls that are originated by auto-dialers. A call router of the switch may receive an incoming call attempt that includes a particular Automatic Number Identification (ANI). The auto-dialer detection system allows for a real-time or near-real time determination, based on the ANI and contents of a cache during a sliding window of time coincident with the reception of the origination, whether or not the call should be routed through the switch. Further, the auto-dialer detection system provides a real-time or a near real-time update to the cache contents to enable further real-time or near-real time detection and blocking of auto-dialed calls. Overrides to the cache (e.g., to always allow and/or to always block calls that include certain ANIs) may be provided.

Abstract: Techniques for originating an emergency call over a data network include determining whether or not a location services are currently available. Call control may be released to the native dialer when the location services are currently unavailable. Otherwise, the call may be processed by the application dialer, and may be routed from the mobile device towards a Public Safety Answering Point (PSAP) by using a private packet backbone network exchange. The application dialer may be configured to utilize a packet header format that indicates a geographic location of the mobile device when communicating with an emergency call router interconnected with the private packet backbone network exchange.

Abstract: A vendor evaluator system enables real-time or near real-time efficiencies of an inter-carrier switch. At a nominal periodic rate (e.g., every fifteen minutes or less), the vendor evaluator system updates a performance map of vendor exchanges to which calls may be routed from the switch. Specifically, in real-time or in near real-time, an updated performance score is generated for each vendor exchange and/or for each NPA-NXX code that is connected to the switch based on a weighted average of post dial delay, average call hold time, and attempt-seizure ratio. The score is compared against performance thresholds to determine whether or not the respective exchange and/or code should be included in a pool of acceptably-performing, candidate vendor exchanges from which a particular exchange is selected to service a call. Such techniques prevent poorly performing vendors from servicing calls routed by the inter-carrier network switch in real time or near real-time.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining which type of treatment is most appropriate for a cardiac arrest victim, the method comprising transforming one or more time domain electrocardiogram (ECG) signals into a frequency domain representation comprising a plurality of discrete frequency bands, combining the discrete frequency bands into a plurality of analysis bands, wherein there are fewer analysis bands than discrete frequency bands, determining the content of the analysis bands, and determining the type of treatment based on the content of the analysis bands.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining which type of treatment is most appropriate for a cardiac arrest victim, the method comprising transforming one or more time domain electrocardiogram (ECG) signals into a frequency domain representation comprising a plurality of discrete frequency bands, combining the discrete frequency bands into a plurality of analysis bands, wherein there are fewer analysis bands than discrete frequency bands, determining the content of the analysis bands, and determining the type of treatment based on the content of the analysis bands.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining which type of treatment is most appropriate for (or the physiological state of) a patient. The method comprises transforming one or more time domain measurements from the patient into frequency domain data representative of the frequency content of the time domain measurements; processing the frequency domain data to form a plurality of spectral bands, the content of a spectral band representing the frequency content of the measurements within a frequency band; forming a weighted sum of the content of the spectral bands, with different weighting coefficients applied to at least some of the spectral bands; determining the type of treatment (or physiological state) based on the weighted sum.

Abstract: Techniques for passing, releasing, and/or transferring control of a call origination from an application dialer to a native dialer of a mobile communication device include determining whether or not a destination telephone number indicated at a user interface of the device is included in a set of predetermined numbers, which may include a set of service numbers for, e.g., emergency services, directory assistance, community services and information, etc., and/or which may include other predetermined numbers. Call control may be released to the native dialer when the indicated, destination telephone number is included in the set. Otherwise, the call may be processed by the application dialer, and may be routed from the mobile device towards the destination telephone number by using a private packet backbone network exchange. The application dialer may be a default dialer, and a user of the device may be unaware of the native dialer.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to facilitate the performance of a Session Border Controller (SBC)-localized handoff. As part of the SBC-localized handoff, a communication device may transmit packets within a data call to an SBC via a first IP address. Subsequently, the communication device may be assigned a second IP address. The communication device may then transmit further packets to the SBC via the second IP address. In response, the SBC may route all traffic within the data call direct to the communication device via the second IP address, regardless of whether the traffic indicates that the traffic should be delivered to the first IP address.

Abstract: External electromagnetic stimulation of the interior of the body by applying three or more electrodes to the exterior of the patient to establish at least two electrical paths across the interior of the patient, determining impedance information representative of an impedance distribution across the interior of the body, delivering an electromagnetic waveform across each of the at least two electrical paths, wherein at least one parameter of the waveform is selected using the impedance information to produce a selected current density distribution at one or more locations within the interior of the body.

Abstract: A method of automatically determining which type of treatment is most appropriate for (or the physiological state of) a patient. The method comprises transforming one or more time domain measurements from the patient into frequency domain data representative of the frequency content of the time domain measurements; processing the frequency domain data to form a plurality of spectral bands, the content of a spectral band representing the frequency content of the measurements within a frequency band; forming a weighted sum of the content of the spectral bands, with different weighting coefficients applied to at least some of the spectral bands; determining the type of treatment (or physiological state) based on the weighted sum.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention are directed to advanced monitoring and control of medium voltage therapy (MVT) in implantable and external devices. Apparatus and methods are disclosed that facilitate dynamic adjustment of MVT parameter values in response to new and changing circumstances such as the patient's condition before, during, and after administration of MVT. Administration of MVT is automatically and dynamically adjusted to achieve specific treatment or life-support objectives, such as prolongation of the body's ability to endure and respond to MVT, specifically addressing the type of arrhythmia or other pathologic state of the patient with targeted treatment, a tiered-intensity MVT treatment strategy, and supporting patients in non life-critical conditions where the heart may nevertheless benefit from a certain level of assistance.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided to facilitate the performance of a Session Border Controller (SBC)-localized handoff. As part of the SBC-localized handoff, a communication device may transmit packets within a data call to an SBC via a first IP address. Subsequently, the communication device may be assigned a second IP address. The communication device may then transmit further packets to the SBC via the second IP address. In response, the SBC may route all traffic within the data call direct to the communication device via the second IP address, regardless of whether the traffic indicates that the traffic should be delivered to the first IP address.

Abstract: A vendor evaluator system enables real-time or near real-time efficiencies of an inter-carrier switch. At a nominal periodic rate (e.g., every fifteen minutes or less), the vendor evaluator system updates a performance map of vendor exchanges to which calls may be routed from the switch. Specifically, in real-time or in near real-time, an updated performance score is generated for each vendor exchange and/or for each NPA-NXX code that is connected to the switch based on a weighted average of post dial delay, average call hold time, and attempt-seizure ratio. The score is compared against performance thresholds to determine whether or not the respective exchange and/or code should be included in a pool of acceptably-performing, candidate vendor exchanges from which a particular exchange is selected to service a call. Such techniques prevent poorly performing vendors from servicing calls routed by the inter-carrier network switch in real time or near real-time.

Abstract: An ingress call filter system enables real-time or near real-time efficiencies of an inter-carrier switch. The ingress call filter determines if a received call to a called party is likely to fail. If the call is likely to fail, the ingress call filter returns an indication that the call should be filtered or rejected. If the call in not likely to fail, the ingress call filter returns an indication that a call router should attempt to establish the call. Such techniques mitigate penalties assessed to the inter-carrier network for incomplete or failed calls in real time or near real time.