Abstract: An extraction vessel is provided with an inlet channel and an outlet channel. The inlet channel is adapted for introduction of carbonaceous material in molten lead into the extraction vessel which is at least partially filled with molten lead. Solvent introduced into the extraction vessel extracts the carbonaceous material floating upwardly in the vessel. From the vessel extracted solids are removed separately through the outlet channel. Solvent and extracted material is removed from the extraction vessel by means of a conduit.

Abstract: Molten lead provides the high pressure in a process of solvent extraction of carbonaceous materials.

Abstract: A process for treating a hydrocarbon composition containing both straight chain and non-straight chain hydrocarbons in which said hydrocarbon composition is separated into a straight chain hydrocarbon-rich fraction and a non-straight chain hydrocarbon-rich fraction, non-aromatics in said non-straight chain hydrocarbon-rich fraction are converted to aromatics, and at least a portion of the straight chain hydrocarbon-rich fraction is passed in combination with steam over a steam active catalyst comprising at least one Group VIII metal and a tin modified Group II metal aluminate under conditions such that aromatics are produced.