Abstract: A biosolvent for cleansing surface that provides bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity such that the bacteriostatic activity continues to inhibit bacterial growth on the surface even after rinsing. The biosolvent comprises C2 to C4 alcohols and lactate esters of C2 to C4 alcohols. The bactericidal and bacteriostatic activity are especially useful for cleaning active biological surfaces and in particular for sanitizing hands.

Abstract: A method for removing infection-caused nail discoloration is disclosed that contemplates the steps of a) contacting a fingernail and/or toenail in need removal of infection-caused nail discoloration with a composition containing a mixture of two major components, A and B. Component A is a C2-C4 alcohol present at about 90% to about 20% (w/w), and Component B is a lactate ester of the same or different C2-C4 alcohol(s) present at about 10% to about 80% (w/w). A contemplated composition optionally contains up to about 5% (w/w) each of one or more of a monoterpene or monoterpene mixture, thickening agent and C1-C4 alcohol C12-C20 carboxylate. That contact is maintained for a time period sufficient for the composition to be sorbed by the nail and/or evaporate, step b). Steps a) and b) are repeated about 5 to about 14 times per week until the nail discoloration is no longer observable.

Abstract: An enhanced diluent (EDIL) composition used to prepare a transportable dense crude oil composition is disclosed. An EDIL composition contains a usually used dense crude hydrocarbon diluent (DIL) plus an additive (ADD) composition that permits the amount of EDIL used in the resulting diluted transportable dense crude (EDIL:DC) to be lessened by about 20 to about 60 percent, while maintaining the viscosity and other properties of the usually used DC:DIL composition. A contemplated ADD composition is a mixture of three components, a solvent mixture, a diol and a surfactant. A contemplated EDIL composition contains about 1 to about 20 percent by weight of the ADD composition. Admixture of EDIL with a dense crude at about 80 to about 40 percent by volume of the amount of DIL usually used provides an easily transportable enhanced dense crude composition. A method of preparing a transportable dense crude composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: An enhanced diluent (EDIL) composition used to prepare a transportable dense crude oil composition is disclosed. An EDIL composition contains a usually used dense crude hydrocarbon diluent (DIL) plus an additive (ADD) composition that permits the amount of EDIL used in the resulting diluted transportable dense crude (EDIL:DC) to be lessened by about 20 to about 60 percent, while maintaining the viscosity and other properties of the usually used DC:DIL composition. A contemplated ADD composition is a mixture of three components, a solvent mixture, a diol and a surfactant. A contemplated EDIL composition contains about 1 to about 20 percent by weight of the ADD composition. Admixture of EDIL with a dense crude at about 80 to about 40 percent by volume of the amount of DIL usually used provides an easily transportable enhanced dense crude composition. A method of preparing a transportable dense crude composition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A three-part solvent composition that contains A) a C1 to C4 lactate ester, B) ethyl 3-ethoxy propionate and C) a C7-C12 hydrocarbon mixture is disclosed that is a homogeneous liquid at zero degrees C. A contemplated solvent blend provides performance properties that can replace toxic ketones, but does not contain any ketone groups in any of the components.

Abstract: A solvent composition of about 90 to about 10 percent by weight C1-C4 lactate ester and about 10 to about 90 percent by weight C2-C6 aliphatic alcohol with low odor and enhanced performance properties is disclosed. This composition can also be mixed with other solvents and continue to provide the low odor and enhanced performance properties.

Abstract: A solvent composition of about 90 to about 10 percent by weight C1-C4 lactate ester and about 10 to about 90 percent by weight C2-C6 aliphatic alcohol with low odor and enhanced performance properties is disclosed. This composition can also be mixed with other solvents and continue to provide the low odor and enhanced performance properties.

Abstract: A solvent composition that is effective inter alia for removing polymerization scale, and particularly SAN scale is disclosed that comprises a mixture of at least five ingredients. Those ingredients include (i) about 30 to about 50 weight percent of C1-C4 alkyl esters of mixed C3-C10 dibasic acids, (ii) about 20 to about 40 weight percent, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), (iii) about 15 to about 25 weight percent of a C2-C4 carbonate, (iv) about 5 to about 15 weight percent of a C1-C4 ester of lactic acid, and (v) about 0.2 to about 5 weight percent of a tertiary amine having a boiling point of about 130° C. to about 370° C. at one atmosphere of pressure, and preferably about 0.5 weight percent of that amine.

Abstract: A solvent that is biodegradable, provides effective solvency for a broad range of tasks and is generally benign to human health is disclosed. This solvent is a mixture of a lactate ester and an edible oil ester that has a closed cup flash point at or above 59° C., and can include other non-halogenated solvents and surfactants.

Abstract: A solvent that is biodegradable, provides effective solvency for a broad range of tasks and is generally benign to human health is disclosed. This solvent is a mixture of a lactate ester and an edible oil ester having a closed cup flash point in excess of 60° C., and can include other non-halogenated solvents and surfactants.

Abstract: A solvent that is biodegradable, provides effective solvency for a broad range of tasks and is generally benign to human health is disclosed. This solvent is a mixture of a lactate ester and an edible oil ester that has a flash point greater that 93.degree. C., and can include other non-halogenated solvents and surfactants.