Abstract: An Antenna Radiating Element provides 4 simultaneous isolated radiation ports that can be used to increase the orders of MIMO communication for wireless applications. An antenna array that contains a plurality of the Quad-Port Radiating Elements (QPRE). An antenna that contains multiple arrays of the QPRE in single-band or Multi-Band configurations that produces 2× the available polarization states without the need to increase the antenna aperture or reduce the size of the antenna array.

Abstract: An Antenna Radiating Element provides 4 simultaneous isolated radiation ports that can be used to increase the orders of MIMO communication for wireless applications. An antenna array that contains a plurality of the Quad-Port Radiating Elements (QPRE). An antenna that contains multiple arrays of the QPRE in single-band or Multi-Band configurations that produces 2× the available polarization states without the need to increase the antenna aperture or reduce the size of the antenna array.

Abstract: A planar array antenna having radiating elements characterized by dual simultaneous polarization states and having substantially rotationally symmetric radiation patterns. A distribution network, which is connected to each dual polarized radiator, communicates the electromagnetic signals from and to each radiating element. A ground plane is positioned generally parallel to and spaced apart from the radiating elements by a predetermined distance. The conductive surface of the ground plane operates to image the radiating elements over a wide coverage area, thereby enabling a radiation pattern within an azimuth plane of the antenna to be independent of any quantity of radiating elements. Side walls, placed on each side of the array of radiators, can operate in tandem with the ground plane, to reduce the half-power beamwidth in the azimuth plane for a selected radiator design.

Abstract: A communications station (10) couples a bidirectional input-output signal path (16') to two unidirectional signal paths; a transmit signal path (12') and a receive signal path (14'), using a controllable hybrid (20). A feedback control system in the station minimizes the amount of transmit signal appearing at the receive output port (24) of the hybrid (20). The control system spreads the spectrum of a pilot signal (40) by means of a biphase modulator (46) and a pseudorandom generator (42) to produce a spread-spectrum pilot, which is added, in a summer 30, to the transmit signal. The spread-spectrum pilot signal covers the bandwidth of the information signal, and is reflected in an amount and with a phase which depends upon the relative impedance presented to the hybrid (20) by the bidirectional signal path (16').

Abstract: A process for killing soil pathogens to improve agricultural production includes the steps of treating a field with a soil conditioning agent to reduce the clods in the soil to microaggregates. Hot water is applied to the treated soil at varying depths to kill soil borne organisms. Beneficial organisms are then applied to the sterilized soil to repopulate the soil with these beneficial organisms.

Abstract: A water heating and distributing system for affording freeze protection to plants and trees characterized by its utilization of a helical conduit for transporting the water to be heated in close proximity to a burner whereby the water's temperature is raised about 20.degree.-25.degree. F. The system further includes a plurality of jet spray heads disposed downstream of the heater in close proximity to the plants and trees to be protected, whereby a relatively fine mist, or fog, of heated water is applied for freeze protection.