Abstract: Apparatus and method for enhancing solubility of a solute in a solvent, the apparatus comprising a solvent and/or solute inlet (104) having a fluidizing unit which creates a vortex such that a fluids interfacial/boundary layer exists within the vortex where enhanced mass transfer, or dissolution of solute into the solvent takes place.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided fluidizing apparatus comprising: a flow chamber 2 having a fluid inlet 4 and a fluid outlet 6; means 18 for establishing a swirling flow in a fluid passing out of the fluid outlet; and a transport outlet 30 for transporting fluidized material away from the flow chamber 2, the transport outlet 30 being situated externally of the flow chamber 2.

Abstract: Fluidizing transport apparatus comprises a hopper, a pressure vessel and a valve element which controls a port between the hopper and the vessel. The valve element is retained closed against the port under pressure within the vessel. A fluidizing nozzle receives transport fluid, such as water from a fluid line. Water supplied through the fluid line thus fluidizes solids in the vessel and raises the pressure to maintain the valve element in the closed position. The fluidized solids material is then supplied to a transport pipeline from the vessel. Solids material loaded into the hopper depress the valve element when pressure within the vessel is relieved, so allowing a fresh charge of the solids material to enter the vessel for a subsequent cycle. The position of the valve element within the vessel is influenced by a float which responds to the water level within the hopper.

Abstract: Apparatus for inhibiting fines carryover in the form of a settlement tank comprising: a filter which divides the tank into upper and lower portions; a fluid inlet in the lower portion for admitting into the tank a fluid with entrained solids; and a fluid outlet in the upper portion through which filtered fluid can leave the tank. The filter comprises filter media supported on a permeable wall, the wall including a filter media outlet which is normally closed, and opening means for opening the filter media outlet to allow the filter media to discharge into the lower portion of the tank. The invention also relates to a method of refilling the filter with filter media.

Abstract: Apparatus for transferring settled or suspended solids from an open vessel into a closed vessel, the apparatus comprising a suction line which extends from the closed vessel to the open vessel via drive means, such as a pump or compressor, and a solids feed line which extends from a solids outlet in the open vessel to a solids inlet in the closed vessel, a fluidising apparatus being provided to fluidise the solids in the open vessel.

Abstract: Fluidizing transport apparatus comprises a hopper, a pressure vessel and a valve element which controls a port between the hopper and the vessel. The valve element is retained closed against the port under pressure within the vessel. A fluidizing nozzle receives transport fluid, such as water from a fluid line. Water supplied through the fluid line thus fluidizes solids in the vessel and raises the pressure to maintain the valve element in the closed position. The fluidized solids material is then supplied to a transport pipeline from the vessel. Solids material loaded into the hopper depress the valve element when pressure within the vessel is relieved, so allowing a fresh charge of the solids material to enter the vessel for a subsequent cycle. The position of the valve element within the vessel is influenced by a float which responds to the water level within the hopper.

Abstract: Apparatus for inhibiting fines carryover in the form of a settlement tank comprising: a filter which divides the tank into upper and lower portions; a fluid inlet in the lower portion for admitting into the tank a fluid with entrained solids; and a fluid outlet in the upper portion through which filtered fluid can leave the tank. The filter comprises filter media supported on a permeable wall, the wall including a filter media outlet which is normally closed, and opening means for opening the filter media outlet to allow the filter media to discharge into the lower portion of the tank. The invention also relates to a method of refilling the filter with filter media.

Abstract: Apparatus for inhibiting fines carryover in the form of a settlement tank comprising: a filter which divides the tank into upper and lower portions; a fluid inlet in the lower portion for admitting into the tank a fluid with entrained solids; and a fluid outlet in the upper portion through which filtered fluid can leave the tank. The filter comprises filter media supported on a permeable wall, the wall including a filter media outlet which is normally closed, and opening means for opening the filter media outlet to allow the filter media to discharge into the lower portion of the tank. The invention also relates to a method of refilling the filter with filter media.

Abstract: Apparatus for enhancing solubility of a solute in a solvent, the apparatus comprising a solvent and/or solute inlet 104 having a fluidising unit which creates a vortex such that a fluids interfacial/boundary layer exists within the vortex where enhanced mass transfer, or dissolution of solute into the solvent takes place.

Abstract: According to the present invention there is provided fluidising apparatus comprising: a flow chamber 2 having a fluid inlet 4 and a fluid outlet 6; means 18 for establishing a swirling flow in a fluid passing out of the fluid outlet; and a transport outlet 30 for transporting fluidised material away from the flow chamber 2, the transport outlet 30 being situated externally of the flow chamber 2.

Abstract: A fluidising unit (1) comprising a supply duct (2) which is arranged to be fed with liquid under pressure, and a discharge duct (5) within the supply duct and projecting beyond the outlet of the supply duct. The end of the supply duct (2) is closable when the fluidising unit is not in use. A screen (9) is associated with the supply duct (2), the screen having at least one oblique opening (10), and being positioned so that liquid passing through the supply duct passes through the or each opening in the screen and is caused to swirl.