Abstract: A well has a wellbore extending from a surface. Tubing extends within the wellbore for supporting a downhole pump. Sucker rods extend within the tubing for reciprocating a travelling valve. A load calculator determines loading on the sucker rods during a pump cycle. A variable speed driver reciprocates the sucker rods and travelling valve. A real time speed controller varies a speed of the driver in response to loading information from the load calculator for smoothing the rod load in a beam pump cycle. A target rod load is obtained and a surface linear speed of rods is varied by either slowing or speeding a driver for varying a surface linear speed of the rods when rod loading is above or below the target rod load.

Abstract: A method for controlling the liquid load size of a plunger lift well during the shut in time of the well to facilitate a controlled plunger rise. Intra-cycle control allows dynamic adjustments within a cycle to keep the plunger running and not stalling out or rising too fast. The method includes the steps of shutting in the well to build up pressure within the well, adjusting a size of a liquid slug within the tubing while the well is shut in, opening a valve to relieve pressure within the well and raise the plunger within the tubing, pushing the liquid slug out of the well with the plunger, and closing the valve wherein the plunger falls within the tubing. The intra-cycle adjustments include reducing the size of the liquid slug for preventing fluid loading and increasing the size of the liquid slug for controlling a rise rate of the plunger.

Abstract: A method for controlling the liquid load size of a plunger lift well during the shut in time of the well to facilitate a controlled plunger rise. Intra-cycle control allows dynamic adjustments within a cycle to keep the plunger running and not stalling out or rising too fast. The method includes the steps of shutting in the well to build up pressure within the well, adjusting a size of a liquid slug within the tubing while the well is shut in, opening a valve to relieve pressure within the well and raise the plunger within the tubing, pushing the liquid slug out of the well with the plunger, and closing the valve wherein the plunger falls within the tubing. The intra-cycle adjustments include reducing the size of the liquid slug for preventing fluid loading and increasing the size of the liquid slug for controlling a rise rate of the plunger.

Abstract: A method for controlling the liquid load size of a plunger lift well during the shut in time of the well to facilitate a controlled plunger rise. Intra-cycle control allows dynamic adjustments within a cycle to keep the plunger running and not stalling out or rising too fast. The method includes the steps of shutting in the well to build up pressure within the well, adjusting a size of a liquid slug within the tubing while the well is shut in, opening a valve to relieve pressure within the well and raise the plunger within the tubing, pushing the liquid slug out of the well with the plunger, and closing the valve wherein the plunger falls within the tubing. The intra-cycle adjustments include reducing the size of the liquid slug for preventing fluid loading and increasing the size of the liquid slug for controlling a rise rate of the plunger.

Abstract: A method for controlling the liquid load size of a plunger lift well during the shut in time of the well to facilitate a controlled plunger rise. Intra-cycle control allows dynamic adjustments within a cycle to keep the plunger running and not stalling out or rising too fast. The method includes the steps of shutting in the well to build up pressure within the well, adjusting a size of a liquid slug within the tubing while the well is shut in, opening a valve to relieve pressure within the well and raise the plunger within the tubing, pushing the liquid slug out of the well with the plunger, and closing the valve wherein the plunger falls within the tubing. The intra-cycle adjustments include reducing the size of the liquid slug for preventing fluid loading and increasing the size of the liquid slug for controlling a rise rate of the plunger.

Abstract: A pump for efficiently producing gas in wells having some liquids. The pump may be driven by a walking beam or horsehead pump. The pump of the invention produces gases and liquids separately. Gases may be produced up the annulus between the casing and hollow sucker rods. A plunger seals the opening in the cage during downstroke. Gases and liquids are trapped in the cage above an inner barrel. Liquids are forced up the hollow sucker rod where they are retained by a one-way valve. On the upstroke, the one-way valve seats and gases are forced out of the cage and up the annulus. Gases are, therefore, produced up the annulus and liquids are produced up the drill string. In another embodiment, liquids are retained in a trap and are produced up hollow sucker rods, while gases are produced up the annulus between the hollow sucker rods and the casing.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a well plunger system for the production of natural gas is described. The well plunger system includes a plunger tube positioned within a casing of a gas well, a tubing line connected to the plunger tube, a plunger moveable within the plunger tube, a plunger sensor for detecting the presence of the plunger, a valve connected to the tubing line and to the general gas distribution system including a sales line and a gas flow meter, a pressure sensor connected to the sales line, a motor for operating the valve, and a pressure sensor connected to the casing. The controller calculates the duration of an open interval when the valve is opened and a closed interval when the valve is closed based on a calculated average plunger velocity of the plunger after the valve is opened. The controller compensates for changes in sales line pressure by adjusting the calculated average plunger velocity by an amount equivalent to the changes in sales line pressure.

Abstract: An ice removal system to protect a drill string in an ice covered waterway from possible damage due to ice movement. The drill string extends down into the waterway from a vessel which has an ice melting system for melting ice coming into direct contact with it. If the ice is thicker than the draft of the vessel, the unmelted portion of the ice passing under the vessel is deflected downward by ice breaking ridges surrounding the drill string. The downward deflection causes the ice to fail in tension thereby breaking it up into a plurality of ice blocks. The ice blocks float up into a moon pool surrounding the drill string, and are then flushed out of the moon pool through a channel and into the surrounding waterway. A cylindrical protective plate surrounding the drill string prevents the ice blocks from coming into direct contact with the drill string and thereby possibly damaging it.

Abstract: A work platform for oil drilling, oil production, or other purposes is constructed in arctic waters by locating a natural ice island of suitable area and thickness, and moving it to the desired platform location. The ice island is anchored to the sea floor by installing at least one, but preferably a number of, generally cylindrical sheaths beneath it which extend from the island to the sea floor below. The sheaths are filled with water, and a thermosiphon is installed interiorly of the sheath. As the thermosiphon extracts heat from the water within the sheath, the water is converted to ice, and eventually the entire body of water within the sheath is frozen, thereby forming a column of ice which anchors the island to the sea floor in the desired location.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for solubilizing and dispensing material such as fertilizer and other lawn, garden and agricultural chemicals by use of a spherical container having a tangential inlet, a liquid diffusing outlet and means for filling the container with such material.