Abstract: The coils on the disc-type armature of an electromechanical machine are all wound in the same direction (rotational sense). The coils on each face of the armature are formed into at least two series connected groups of coils which are disposed on the surface of the member so that each coil of one group is located between two coils from another group, and power is commutated to the groups of coils so that they conduct current in opposite directions.

Abstract: Apparatus for use in measuring the muscle tone of a muscle comprising a force applying assembly operable by a user to apply variable forces to a muscle to effect displacements of the muscle in accordance with the amount of force applied, transducers for detecting the amount of force being applied to the muscle and the muscle displacement caused by such applied force and for producing force and displacement signals, electronic circuitry for deriving from a number of force displacement signals produced within a linear elastic region of force/displacement curve to produce a muscle tone measurement, and a display for displaying the muscle tone measurement.

Abstract: An electromechanical machine is disclosed which comprises a field producing assembly mounted in a housing so as to define an air gap circumferentially disposed about an axis of rotation. The field assembly is structured to produce a distribution of magnetic flux in the air gap having P periodic extremes of flux density about the axis. An armature is positioned in the air gap, and mounted so that the armature and field assembly are rotatable relative to each other. The armature has a circular array of C non-overlapping coils on each of its front and back faces, the coils on one face being angularly offset from the coils on the other face and each having the same arcuate extent, smaller than 360 degrees divided by P.

Abstract: A brushless, preferably coreless, disc-type DC motor or generator characterized by a positive, unidirectional, nearly constant torque is disclosed. The machine in a preferred form comprises a rotor disc mounted for rotation with the shaft and a stator fixedly mounted in coaxial parallel relation to the rotor. The stator contains at least two interleaved sets of coils, with the sets of coils adapted to be alternately energized for current flow in the same direction in the plane of the stator to generate axially extending magnetic fields all of the same polarity. The rotor disc carries in a circular array at least one permanent magnet, asymmetrically shaped in relation to the shape of the stator coils, each having a tip portion and a base portion; and with a magnetic field of common polarity extending in the same axial direction as the magnetic fields of the energized coils. When the tip portions of the magnets are aligned with a first set of coils, that set is energized to create a torque on the rotor.

Abstract: A disc-type motor characterized by increased efficiency is disclosed. The motor has two parallel spaced stator members each having a flat circular shape and an even plurality of pie-segmented permanent-magnet poles in a circular array thereon, illustratively eight in number. The facing poles of the stator members have opposite polarities. The motor includes a disc rotor made of a non-conducting material rotatably mounted between the two stator members. Conducting wires are wound to form a number of coils in a circular array on each face of the rotor. The number of coils on each rotor face is greater than the number of poles on each stator member, and each coil occupies an arc sector area smaller than the area of each stator pole. The coils arrayed on one face of the rotor are angularly offset from the coils on the other face of the rotor. The motor further includes a commutator connected to the rotor which has a number of segments corresponding to the coils of the rotor.

Abstract: A disc-type motor characterized by increased efficiency is disclosed. The motor includes first and second parallel spaced stator members made of magnetic material in fixed relation, each of the stator members having a flat circular shape and an even plurality of pie-shaped permanent-magnet poles thereon, illustratively eight in number. The facing poles on the stator members have opposite polarities. The motor further includes a disc-like rotor made of a non-conducting material rotatably mounted between the two stator members. Conducting wires are wound in a non-overlapping (single-layer) flat spiral configuration to form a number of coils equal to twice the number of poles per stator member, half adhered to each face of the rotor disc. Each coil encloses a pie-segmented area about equal to the area of one of the stator poles. On each face of the rotor the coils magnetically oppose one another, and the coils on one face of the disc are angularly offset from the coils on the other face of the disc.

Abstract: A disc-type motor characterized by increased efficiency includes first and second parallel spaced stator members made of magnetic material in fixed relation, each of the stator members having a flat circular shape and an even plurality of pie-shaped permanent-magnet poles thereon, illustratively eight in number. The facing poles on the stator members have opposite polarities. The motor further includes a disc-like rotor made of a non-conducting material rotatably mounted between the two stator members. Conducting wires are wound in a non-overlapping (single-layer) flat spiral configuration to form a number of coils equal to twice the number of poles per stator member, half adhered to each face of the rotor disc. Each coil encloses a pie-segmented area about equal to the area of one of the stator poles. On each face of the rotor the coils magnetically oppose one another, and the coils on one face of the disc are angularly offset from the coils on the other face of the disc.