Abstract: A method for enhancing a host cell's biosynthetic production of 2-KLG is described. Such method comprises selecting a host cell that has an at least partially intracellular synthetic pathway which utilizes 2,5-DKG to produce 2-KLG; increasing the transport of said 2,5-DKG into said host cell while maintaining the integrity of the host cell; culturing the host cell to produce said 2,5-DKG; and producing 2-KLG. The transport of the 2,5-DKG is increased by transforming into the host cell DNA encoding for one or more enzymes transporting the 2,5-DKG into the host cell.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, and oligonucleotides therefrom. The isolated nucleic acid molecules can be expressed in appropriate bacterial cells to enhance the production of 2-KLG, which can subsequently be converted to ascorbic acid. Further provided are isolated polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, immunogenic peptides therefrom, and antibodies specific therefor. The invention also provides methods of identifying novel 2,5-DKG permeases.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, and oligonucleotides therefrom. The isolated nucleic acid molecules can be expressed in appropriate bacterial cells to enhance the production of 2-KLG, which can subsequently be converted to ascorbic acid. Further provided are isolated polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease acitivity, immunogenic peptides therefrom, and antibodies specific therefor. The invention also provides methods of identifying novel 2,5-DKG permeases.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of identifying a host cell that encodes a metabolic pathway that converts a precursor molecule into a growth inhibitory compound, by: (a) culturing a population of host cells under conditions that allow expression of the metabolic pathway; (b) contacting the host cells, or an extract thereof, with a population of target cells and the precursor molecule; and (c) identifying a host cell that inhibits growth of the target cells in the presence, but not in the absence, of the precursor molecule, where an identified host cell from step (c) contains a metabolic pathway that converts the precursor molecule into a growth inhibitory compound. Methods of identifying host cells that encode a metabolic pathway that converts a precursor molecule into a desired product compound are also provided. Further. provided are methods of identifying nucleic acid molecules encoding the metabolic pathways.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, and oligonucleotides therefrom. The isolated nucleic acid molecules can be expressed in appropriate bacterial cells to enhance the production of 2-KLG, which can subsequently be converted to ascorbic acid. Further provided are isolated polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, immunogenic peptides therefrom, and antibodies specific therefor. The invention also provides methods of identifying novel 2,5-DKG permeases.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, and oligonucleotides therefrom. The isolated nucleic acid molecules can be expressed in appropriate bacterial cells to enhance the production of 2-KLG, which can subsequently be converted to ascorbic acid. Further provided are isolated polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, immunogenic peptides therefrom, and antibodies specific therefor. The invention also provides methods of identifying novel 2,5-DKG permeases.

Abstract: A method for enhancing a host cell's biosynthetic production of 2-KLG is described. Such method comprises selecting a host cell that has an at least partially intracellular synthetic pathway which utilizes 2,5-DKG to produce 2-KLG; increasing the transport of said 2,5-DKG into said host cell while maintaining the integrity of the host cell; culturing the host cell to produce said 2,5-DKG; and producing 2-KLG. The transport of the 2,5-DKG is increased by transforming into the host cell DNA encoding for one or more enzymes transporting the 2,5-DKG into the host cell.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, and oligonucleotides therefrom. The isolated nucleic acid molecules can be expressed in appropriate bacterial cells to enhance the production of 2-KLG, which can subsequently be converted to ascorbic acid. Further provided are isolated polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease acitivity, immunogenic peptides therefrom, and antibodies specific therefor. The invention also provides methods of identifying novel 2,5-DKG permeases.

Abstract: The present invention relates in part to methods for screening for novel enzymatic pathways in environmental samples using metabolic selection strategies, and the isolation of the genes and proteins that make up these pathways.

Abstract: The invention provides methods of identifying a host cell that encodes a metabolic pathway that converts a precursor molecule into a growth inhibitory compound, by: (a) culturing a population of host cells under conditions that allow expression of the metabolic pathway; (b) contacting the host cells, or an extract thereof, with a population of target cells and the precursor molecule; and (c) identifying a host cell that inhibits growth of the target cells in the presence, but not in the absence, of the precursor molecule, where an identified host cell from step (c) contains a metabolic pathway that converts the precursor molecule into a growth inhibitory compound. Methods of identifying host cells that encode a metabolic pathway that converts a precursor molecule into a desired product compound are also provided. Further provided are methods of identifying nucleic acid molecules encoding the metabolic pathways.

Abstract: The invention provides isolated nucleic acid molecules encoding polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, and oligonucleotides therefrom. The isolated nucleic acid molecules can be expressed in appropriate bacterial cells to enhance the production of 2-KLG, which can subsequently be converted to ascorbic acid. Further provided are isolated polypeptides having 2,5-DKG permease activity, immunogenic peptides therefrom, and antibodies specific therefor. The invention also provides methods of identifying novel 2,5-DKG permeases.

Abstract: The present invention relates in part to methods for screening for novel enzymatic pathways in environmental samples using metabolic selection strategies, and the isolation of the genes and proteins that make up these pathways.

Abstract: The present invention relates to screening methods for the identification of compounds and compositions useful as novel antibiotics and antibacterial agents. In particular, the present invention relates to methods utilizing two-component regulatory switches which includes regulatory switches comprising a prokaryotic enzyme. Histidine protein kinase is a regulatory switch that is activated to autophosphorylate by a signal transduction mechanism. The invention also relates to methods of identifying inhibitors of enzyme activity particularly in bacterial cells. A high-throughput assay system useful in the large-scale screening of protein kinase inhibitors is also provided. The invention further provides the phosphorylation of SpoOF including a histidine.

Abstract: To simulate physical processes, state vectors for each of multiple voxels are stored in a memory along with a representation for each of multiple facets that are sized and oriented independently of the size and orientation of the voxels and, in combination, represent one or more surfaces. Each state vector includes multiple entries, each of which corresponds to a number of elements at a particular momentum state of multiple possible momentum states at a voxel. Interaction operations that model interactions between elements of different momentum states are performed on the state vectors, and surface interaction operations that model interactions between a facet and elements at one or more voxels near the facet are performed on the representations of facets. Finally, move operations that reflect movement of elements to new voxels are performed on the state vectors.

Abstract: The present invention relates to screening methods for the identification of compounds and compositions useful as novel antibiotics and antibacterial agents. In particular, the present invention relates to methods utilizing two-component regulatory switches, for example, those comprising a prokaryotic enzyme such as histidine protein kinase that is activated to autophosphorylate by a signal transduction mechanism. The invention also relates to methods of identifying inhibitors of enzyme activity, particularly in bacterial cells. In particular, a high-throughput assay system useful in the large-scale screening of protein kinase inhibitors is disclosed.