Abstract: A redundant level measuring system comprises comprising a chamber for fluidic coupling to a process vessel whereby material level in the vessel equalizes with material level in the chamber. A float including a magnet in the chamber interior space rises and falls with material level in the chamber. The float comprises an inner cylindrical wall defining an elongate through opening. A magnet actuated visual indicator is mounted to the chamber for indicating level of the magnet in the chamber. A level measurement instrument includes a measurement circuit and a coaxial probe having an inner rod and a coaxial outer tube. The probe defines a transmission line and the coaxial outer tube has a through opening so that material level in the chamber equalizes with material level in the coaxial outer tube. The instrument is mounted atop the chamber with the probe directed downwardly to the chamber interior space and extending through the float through opening.

Abstract: A redundant level measuring system comprises comprising a chamber for fluidic coupling to a process vessel whereby material level in the vessel equalizes with material level in the chamber. A float including a magnet in the chamber interior space rises and falls with material level in the chamber. The float comprises an inner cylindrical wall defining an elongate through opening. A magnet actuated visual indicator is mounted to the chamber for indicating level of the magnet in the chamber. A level measurement instrument includes a measurement circuit and a coaxial probe having an inner rod and a coaxial outer tube. The probe defines a transmission line and the coaxial outer tube has a through opening so that material level in the chamber equalizes with material level in the coaxial outer tube. The instrument is mounted atop the chamber with the probe directed downwardly to the chamber interior space and extending through the float through opening.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates diffusion barrier layers for backend layers for interconnects and their methods of manufacturing. A TaNx/Ta diffusion barrier layer used for backend interconnect is formed at a temperature between about 150-450° C. wherein the Ta film exhibits a body-centered-cubic (BCC) structure and a lower electrical resistivity. Other embodiments are described and claimed.

Abstract: A flexible package has a top surface, a bottom surface and at least one side wall together defining an interior volume of the package. An opening device is attached to the top surface and is at least in part detachable from the top surface to provide access to the interior volume. An article is secured to the opening device for conjoint movement with the opening device upon detachment of the opening device from the top surface of the package. In another embodiment, a portion of the side wall extends outward beyond the top surface to a free edge. A closure system is operable on the extended portion of the side wall to permit selective closing and opening of the package.

Abstract: A flexible package has a top surface, a bottom surface and at least one side wall together defining an interior volume of the package. An opening device is attached to the top surface and is at least in part detachable from the top surface to provide access to the interior volume. An article is secured to the opening device for conjoint movement with the opening device upon detachment of the opening device from the top surface of the package. In another embodiment, a portion of the side wall extends outward beyond the top surface to a free edge. A closure system is operable on the extended portion of the side wall to permit selective closing and opening of the package.

Abstract: A flexible package has a top surface, a bottom surface and at least one side wall together defining an interior volume of the package. An opening device is attached to the top surface and is at least in part detachable from the top surface to provide access to the interior volume. An article is secured to the opening device for conjoint movement with the opening device upon detachment of the opening device from the top surface of the package. In another embodiment, a portion of the side wall extends outward beyond the top surface to a free edge. A closure system is operable on the extended portion of the side wall to permit selective closing and opening of the package.

Abstract: The present invention provides users of absorbent personal care articles with a convenient and discreet way to dispose of used absorbent personal care articles. In one disclosed embodiment, a wrapper component for an absorbent personal care article has a disposal device attached to, held adjacent to or contained within an interior volume of the wrapper component in a way that a user of an absorbent personal care article will be able to access the disposal device prior to handling the unused absorbent personal care article. Provided is an easy and discreet means to wrap or conceal used absorbent personal care articles.

Abstract: A fat-reduced, edible, water-in-oil spread is produced by heating a fat which is normally solid at room temperature so as to melt a substantial proportion of less thermally stable crystals in the fat; homogeneously admixing sufficient water to the heated fat to reduce the proportion of fat in the resulting admixture; cooling the admixture to crystallize a substantial proportion of the uncrystallized fat and produce a pumpable plastic mass; and subjecting the pumpable plastic mass to cutting and mixing in a turbine-like comminuting device while limiting the temperature rise of the plastic mass.

Abstract: A fat-reduced, edible, water-in-oil spread is produced by heating a fat which is normally solid at room temperature so as to melt a substantial proportion of less thermally stable crystals in the fat; homogeneously admixing sufficient water to the heated fat to reduce the proportion of fat in the resulting admixture; cooling the admixture to crystallize a substantial proportion of the uncrystallized fat and produce a pumpable plastic mass; and subjecting the pumpable plastic mass to cutting and mixing in a turbine-like comminuting device while limiting the temperature rise of the plastic mass.