Abstract: The invention provides liquid compositions comprising conductive carbon particles and/or carbon nanoparticles, a thickening agent, and a solvent. The carbon nanoparticles are preferably a mixture of graphite nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes and the thickening agent is preferably a cellulose derivative. The liquid compositions can be used as ink to print highly conductive films that adhere to paper substrates.

Abstract: The invention provides electrically conductive films containing graphene nanoplatelets packed in a substantially Apollonian manner. The films may also comprise carbon nanotubes in order to improve their conductivity. The invention also provides liquid compositions that can be used to print the electrically conductive films described herein.

Abstract: The invention provides devices for active modification of thermal radiation, the devices comprising: (i) a substrate; (ii) one or more polymeric permeable membranes comprising an ionic liquid electrolyte; (iii) one or more electrodes comprising carbon nanotubes deposited onto the surface of at least one of the one or more polymeric membranes; and (iv) a protective encapsulation layer. The invention also provides methods of making such devices.

Abstract: The invention provides a Raman-detectible composition comprising two or more different Raman-active 2D materials. Also provided is a formulation comprising the Raman-detectible composition and a binder; a substrate comprising the Raman-detectible composition; the use of the Raman-detectible composition to tag a substrate; a method for tagging a substrate with the Raman-detectible composition; and a method for analysing a substrate or formulation for the presence of the Raman detectible composition.

Abstract: The invention provides liquid compositions comprising conductive carbon particles and/or carbon nanoparticles, a thickening agent, and a solvent. The carbon nanoparticles are preferably a mixture of graphite nanoplatelets and carbon nanotubes and the thickening agent is preferably a cellulose derivative. The liquid compositions can be used as ink to print highly conductive films that adhere to paper substrates.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a scale inhibitor concentration in a sample comprising at least a first scale inhibitor, which is a synthetic organic compound comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample to interact with a reagent comprising a lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement, and the concentration of the at least first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined by using the detected sample signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analysing a sample comprising at least a first and a second scale inhibitor, which scale inhibitors are synthetic organic compounds comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample interact with a reagent comprising lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement. The total concentration of the first and the second scale inhibitor is determined by using the detected sample signal, and the concentration of the first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined. The concentration of the second scale inhibitor is determined mathematically by using the obtained results for the total concentration and for the first scale inhibitor concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a scale inhibitor concentration in a sample comprising at least a first scale inhibitor, which is a synthetic organic compound comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample to interact with a reagent comprising a lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement, and the concentration of the at least first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined by using the detected sample signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a scale inhibitor concentration in a sample comprising at least a first scale inhibitor, which is a synthetic organic compound comprising at least one ionized group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample to interact with a reagent comprising a lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement, and the concentration of the at least first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined by using the detected sample signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analysing a sample comprising at least a first and a second scale inhibitor, which scale inhibitors are synthetic organic compounds comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample interact with a reagent comprising lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement. The total concentration of the first and the second scale inhibitor is determined by using the detected sample signal, and the concentration of the first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined. The concentration of the second scale inhibitor is determined mathematically by using the obtained results for the total concentration and for the first scale inhibitor concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analysing a sample comprising at least a first and a second scale inhibitor, which scale inhibitors are synthetic organic compounds comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample interact with a reagent comprising lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement. The total concentration of the first and the second scale inhibitor is determined by using the detected sample signal, and the concentration of the first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined. The concentration of the second scale inhibitor is determined mathematically by using the obtained results for the total concentration and for the first scale inhibitor concentration.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining a scale inhibitor concentration in a sample comprising at least a first scale inhibitor, which is a synthetic organic compound comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample to interact with a reagent comprising a lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement, and the concentration of the at least first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined by using the detected sample signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for analysing a sample comprising at least a first and a second scale inhibitor, which scale inhibitors are synthetic organic compounds comprising at least one ionised group. The method comprises optionally diluting and/or purifying the sample, and allowing the sample interact with a reagent comprising lanthanide(III) ion. The sample is excited at a first excitation wavelength and a sample signal deriving from the lanthanide(III) ion is detected at a signal wavelength by using time-resolved luminescence measurement. The total concentration of the first and the second scale inhibitor is determined by using the detected sample signal, and the concentration of the first scale inhibitor in the sample is determined. The concentration of the second scale inhibitor is determined mathematically by using the obtained results for the total concentration and for the first scale inhibitor concentration.

Abstract: A document binder of the type comprising a chassis (12) adapted to removably receive either a plurality of covers (11) with associated document pages therein with spines (10) of the covers in a generally lowermost position or to removably receive a cassette (1) configured to hold such plurality of covers, and a generally horizontal heated plate (18) that operatively engages the spines of the plurality of covers to heat same when enganged wherewith in consequence of appropriate relative movement of the heated plate and spines of the covers I an upwards and downwards direction is provided.