Abstract: Various examples are provided for flat lens antennas and their operation. In one example, among others, an antenna includes electrically thin (W<<?high), highly conducting, TEM mode antenna arms fed at a first end by a balun. The TEM mode antenna arms can be embedded in a spatially varied anisotropic dielectric material. A separation between the TEM mode antenna arms can increase from the first end to a second end where the TEM mode antenna arms transition to resistive card (Rcard) terminations when the TEM mode antenna arms are separated by a distance Hr, where a ratio of Hr to a height (H) of the antenna is in a range from about 0.2 to about 0.8.

Abstract: An improved sintered material and product. A nanometer size reinforcement powder is mixed with a micron size titanium or titanium alloy powder. After the reinforcement powder is generally uniformly dispersed, the powder mixture is compacted and sintered, causing the nano reinforcement to react with the titanium or titanium alloy, producing a composite material containing nano and micron size precipitates that are uniformly distributed throughout the material.

Abstract: A method of uniformly dispersing a nano powder throughout a micron powder. Ordinary mixing or agitation does not succeed in attaining uniform dispersal: the nano powder agglomerates into microscopic masses. In one form of the invention, a charge of a micron powder, with fifty weight percent of charge of nanopowder is loaded into a ball mill. The mixture is ball milled for less than two hours, at room temperature in a dry condition, and produces a highly uniform distribution of the nano powder throughout the micron powder.

Abstract: A method of uniformly dispersing a nano powder throughout a micron powder. Ordinary mixing or agitation does not succeed in attaining uniform dispersal: the nano powder agglomerates into microscopic masses. In one form of the invention, a charge of a micron powder, with fifty weight percent of charge of nanopowder is loaded into a ball mill. The mixture is ball milled for less than two hours, at room temperature in a dry condition, and produces a highly uniform distribution of the nano powder throughout the micron powder.

Abstract: An improved sintered material and product. A nanometer size reinforcement powder is mixed with a micron size titanium or titanium alloy powder. After the reinforcement powder is generally uniformly dispersed, the powder mixture is compacted and sintered, causing the nano reinforcement to react with the titanium or titanium alloy, producing a composite material containing nano and micron size precipitates that are uniformly distributed throughout the material.

Abstract: An alloy steel having the capability of retaining high hardness at elevated temperature for a prolonged time is suitable for use as a high speed tool steel. The alloy steel comprises in % by weight: 0.7-1.4 C; less than 1 Mn; less than 0.04 P; up to 0.7 Si; 3-6 Cr; 4-12 Mo; less than 0.5 Co; 0.5-2.25 V; 1-7 W; up to 1.25 Al; at least one of 0.04-2.5 Nb; 0.025-2.5 Zr; 0.08-4.75 Ta and 0.005-0.7 Ti; balance substantially Fe. The alloy may also have an S content of 0.036-0.300; Mn of 0.30-1.35 and may optionally be treated when in a liquid state with up to 0.05 of Mg or Ca.

Abstract: A case carburizable stainless steel alloy intended to be used at operating temperatures up to 700.degree. F. The alloy is able to achieve and maintain a high surface hardness when carburized and heat treated and combines high fracture toughness, hot hardness, metal-to-metal wear resistance and corrosion resistance while retaining core ductility and strength. The alloy consists essentially of (in weight percent) 0.1 to 0.25% carbon, 0 to 1% silicon, 0 to 1% manganese, 13 to 19% chromium, 1.75 to 5.25% nickel, 3 to 5% molybdenum, 0.25 to 1.25% vanadium, 5 to 14% cobalt, 0.01 to 0.1% niobium; 0 to 0.02% boron; and the balance iron and incidental impurities. The alloy is particularly suited for use in bearing applications and also in cams, shafts, gears, bolts and like articles exposed to elevated temperatures and corrosive atmospheres.

Abstract: A modified H-13 hot work die steel in which impact toughness and thermal fatigue resistance is greatly improved. The steel consists of in weight %:______________________________________ Carbon (C): 0.34-0.40, Manganese (Mn): 0.25-0.45, Silicon (Si): 0.85-1.15, Chromium (Cr): 5.00-5.40, Nickel (Ni): 0.30 max, Molybdenum (Mo): 1.20-1.50, Vanadium (V): 0.31-0.52, Niobium (Nb): 0.02-0.09, Iron (Fe) and Incidental impurities: Balance ______________________________________The steel also preferably includes about 0.01-0.20 weight % titanium (Ti) and is preferably subjected to premium quality treatment, including remelting and homogenization, either thermal or mechanical (by hot working).

Abstract: A high strength vacuum melted ferrous alloy having enhanced fracture toughness comprising not more than about 0.01% by weight sulfur, not more than about 0.1% manganese, and titanium in an amount in atomic percent of not less than about twice the atomic percentage of sulfur present in the alloy. Other detailed limits of titanium, zirconium, and niobium are also disclosed.