Abstract: A self-baking electrode includes a pressure chamber for receiving electrode paste under pressure. A centrally located conductor supplies electrical current to the paste, and the paste is baked by passage of the electrical current to form an electrode. The electrode is supported by a support band and is advanced past the support band by supplying paste under pressure to the pressure chamber. The pressure chamber is heated to maintain the paste in a softened state.

Abstract: A DC-to-DC converter employs four transistor switches in a bridge to chop DC power from a source, and a voltage multiplying diode rectifying ladder network to rectify and filter the chopped DC power for delivery to a load. The bridge switches are cross-coupled in order for diagonally opposite pairs to turn on and off together using RC networks for the cross-coupling to achieve the mode of operation of a free running multivibrator, and the diode rectifying ladder is configured to operate in a push-pull mode driven from opposite sides of the multivibrator outputs of the bridge switches. The four transistor switches provide a squarewave output voltage which has a peak-to-peak amplitude that is twice the input DC voltage, and is thus useful as a DC-to-AC inverter.

Abstract: A voltage regulator for a battery power source capable of maintaining a predetermined voltage until the battery voltage decays to very nearly the predetermined voltage uses a bipolar transistor in series with the battery as the control element in series with a zener diode and a resistor. A field effect transistor between the base of the bipolar transistor and a junction between the zener diode and resistor regulates base current of the bipolar transistor, thereby to regulate the conductivity of the bipolar transistor for control of the output voltage.

Abstract: A window comparator comprising two operational amplifiers, a first one with two feedback circuits, each feedback circuit having a diode connected to the amplifier output and poled for forward current conduction of opposite polarity, to provide an algebraic difference between an input signal and a selected set-point voltage such that one diode conducts and then switches off while the other is held off and then conducts when the sign of the algebraic difference switches. Differential input terminals of the second operational amplifier are connected to the separate feedback circuits of the first operational amplifier, one input terminal to the output of one diode, and the other to the output of the other diode.