Abstract: Methods, systems, and techniques for providing visual expertise to objectively measure, evaluate, and visualize aesthetic change are provided. Example embodiments provide an Aesthetic Delta Measurement System (“ADMS”), which enables users to objectively measure and visualize aesthetic health and wellness and treatment outcomes and to continuously supplement a knowledge repository of objective aesthetic data based upon a combination of automated machine learning and surveyed human input data. The ADMS provides a labeling platform for labeling aesthetic health and wellness over large populations of individuals and a personal analysis application for viewing an individuals aesthetic changes over time. The ADMS provides labeling of images using guides with corresponding discrete scalar values or using pairwise comparison techniques.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a heat exchanger shell having an inlet and outlet. A header plate including an inner member and an outer member defining a leak detection chamber therebetween is provided at each end of the heat exchanger shell. A plurality of heat exchanger tubes is positioned in the heat exchanger shell. Each tube extends through an aperture formed in an inner member and an aperture formed in an outer member of each of the header plates. A seal is provided in a channel in each aperture to sealingly engage a corresponding heat exchanger tube and a corresponding plate. A passage leads from the leak detection chamber to the exterior of the header plate.