Abstract: The detailed characteristics of the red fluorescence of the human lens—that occurs at the seventh decade of life—is recognized as an example of evolutionary photobiomodulation for repair of the retina, and then used as a paradigm for extending current parametric values for reproducible photobiomodulation. The new photobiomodulation parameters involve relative intensities for wavelength bands within the range of 600 nm to 900 nm.

Abstract: The detailed characteristics of the red fluorescence of the human lens—that occurs at the seventh decade of life—is recognized as an example of evolutionary photobiomodulation for repair of the retina, and then used as a paradigm for extending current parametric values for reproducible photobiomodulation. The new photobiomodulation parameters involve relative intensities for wavelength bands within the range of 600 nm to 900 nm.

Abstract: Ophthalmic lenses and light filters containing special additives that have fluorescence emission in the near infrared region of wavelengths—in order to enhance phototherapy for the human eye when it is exposed to sunlight and artificial lighting.

Abstract: The detailed characteristics of the red fluorescence of the human lens—that occurs at the seventh decade of life—is recognized as an example of evolutionary photobiomodulation for repair of the retina, and then used as a paradigm for extending current parametric values for reproducible photobiomodulation. The new photobiomodulation parameters involve relative intensities for wavelength bands within the range of 600 nm to 900 nm.

Abstract: According to the present invention, light filters are disclosed that provide photoprotection and contain fluorescent agents in that have fluorescence emission in the near infrared region of wavelengths to effect photobiological modulation (PBM) of human cells when the cells are exposed to sunlight or any artificial lighting. The fluorescent agents include endogenous compounds. The light filters include ophthalmic lenses, skin care products with or without transparent substrate and any products that are used to filter light. When used in connection with ophthalmic lenses, the ophthalmic lense provides photoprotection and photobiological modulation to the human eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens comprising a clear, non-tinted, solid plastic substrate and a dye suitable for undergoing fluorescence upconversion wherein said dye absorbs light in the near infrared region from 850 nm to 2500 nm and emit light in the shorter wavelength region from 650 nm to 850 nm thereby providing photobiomodulation to the eye.

Abstract: An ophthalmic lens for clip-on frames is described that is tinted with a particular absorption spectrum such that when used over a tinted prescription lens, also having a specific absorption spectrum, will result in a final absorption spectrum that has an exponential dependence upon wavelength over the visible spectrum, thereby achieving the best possible preservation of color perception for the user.

Abstract: According to the present invention, light filters are disclosed that provide photoprotection and contain fluorescent agents that have fluorescence emission in the near infrared region of wavelengths to effect photobiological modulation (PBM) of human cells when the cells are exposed to sunlight or any artificial lighting. The fluorescent agents include endogenous compounds. The light filters include ophthalmic lenses, skin care products with or without transparent substrate and any products that are used to filter light. When used in connection with ophthalmic lenses, the ophthalmic lense provides photoprotection and photobiological modulation to the human eye.

Abstract: Ophthalmic lenses and light filters containing special additives that have fluorescence emission in the near infrared region of wavelengths—in order to enhance phototherapy for the human eye when it is exposed to sunlight and artificial lighting.

Abstract: A light filter that utilizes UV and visible light-absorbing dyes with transmission spectra in accord with the action spectra for suppression of melatonin so as to permit a maximum production of melatonin in humans during night time exposure to high energy visible light.

Abstract: Fluorescence as a new source of haze caused by the light-filtering agent in ophthalmic lenses is introduced. A transparent ophthalmic lens comprising melanin as the light filtering agent with reduced fluorescence from melanin is described and the techniques used to quench the melanin fluorescence.

Abstract: A compound, composition, and method for the protection of skin from the harmful effects of radiation, and particularly the harmful effects of high energy visible (HEV) radiation, are disclosed. The compound is a melanin derivative that can be formulated into compositions containing the melanin derivative and a suitable carrier. The composition is topically applied to the skin to reduce the risk of photoaging and improve skin repair due to damage from radiation.

Abstract: Selective fractionation and separation of melanin and use of fractionated or separated melanin in connection with light filters is disclosed. Further, light filters that use yellow melanin or melanin like materials prepared to have a yellow color and a melanin transmission spectrum in combination with a photochromic dye are disclosed. The yellow form of melanin has minimal impact on the perception of light intensity with transmission values greater than 80%. The combination allows for a single light filter suitable for both night driving and sunglass applications and which also preserve color perception.

Abstract: Light filters that use yellow melanin or melanin like materials prepared to have a yellow color and a melanin transmission spectrum in combination with a photochromic dye are disclosed. The yellow form of melanin has minimal impact on the perception of light intensity with transmission values greater than 80%. The combination allows for a single light filter suitable for both night driving and sunglass applications and which also preserve color perception.

Abstract: Selective fractionation and separation of melanin and use of fractionated or separated melanin in connection with light filters is disclosed. Further, light filters that use yellow melanin or melanin like materials prepared to have a yellow color and a melanin transmission spectrum in combination with a photochromic dye are disclosed. The yellow form of melanin has minimal impact on the perception of light intensity with transmission values greater than 80%. The combination allows for a single light filter suitable for both night driving and sunglass applications and which also preserve color perception.

Abstract: A device for measuring the speed of a golf club has a pair of coils spaced a given distance apart with each of the coils forming an oscillating electro-magnetic field which are positioned to interrupt the course of the head of a golf club. When a golf club head successively passes through the first and second oscillating magnetic fields, the natural frequency of the combined fields is altered. A detector circuit including a phase locked loop detects the change in frequency as the club successively pass through the two fields and the time elapsed is measured by a clock and recorded in the memory of a microprocessor which uses the information, along with the given distance between the fields to calculate the speed of the club.

Abstract: A device for measuring the speed of a golf club has a pair of coils spaced a given distance apart with each of the coils forming an oscillating electro-magnetic field which are positioned to interrupt the course of the head of a golf club. When a golf club head successively passes through the first and second oscillating magnetic fields, the natural frequency of the combined fields is altered. A detector circuit including a phase locked loop detects the change in frequency as the club successively pass through the two fields and the time elapsed is measured by a clock and recorded in the memory of a microprocessor which uses the information, along with the given distance between the fields to calculate the speed of the club.

Abstract: The freshness of fresh brewed coffee is extended by adding an antioxidant to the coffee during the brewing process. The antioxidant may be added to the coffee grinds in the hopper, directly into the pot, or may be impregnated into a disposable paper filter fitted into the hopper to retain the grinds.

Abstract: Fresh coffee is transmissible to red light, but as the coffee becomes stale, the organic compounds degrade and the brew becomes less transmissible to the light. To monitor coffee freshness, a beam of light is passed through a transparent coffee pot and the transmissibility of the brew is displayed as a measure of freshness.

Abstract: A brewed beverage maker, such as a coffee maker, is provided having an automatic concentration control system. An optical feedback system is employed for controlling the concentration of brewed beverages such as coffee and tea. In preferred embodiments, this invention employs a light beam that is passed through the beverage as the beverage is being made to determine the concentration of the beverage. A control system compares the measured concentration to a desired concentration and controls the flow of water through a filter basket containing coffee, tea or the like.