Abstract: A method for operating a rotating detonation engine, having a radially outer wall extending along an axis; a radially inner wall extending along the axis, wherein the radially inner wall is positioned within the radially outer wall to define an annular detonation chamber having an inlet and an outlet, wherein the method includes flowing liquid phase fuel along at least one wall of the radially inner wall and the radially outer wall in a direction from the outlet toward the inlet to cool the at least one wall and heat the liquid fuel to provide a heated liquid fuel; flowing the heated liquid fuel to a mixer at the inlet to reduce pressure of the heated liquid fuel, flash vaporize the heated liquid fuel and mix flash vaporized fuel with oxidant to produce a vaporized fuel-oxidant mixture; and detonating the mixture in the annular detonation chamber.

Abstract: The invention provides Form II dirithromycin, a novel polymorph of dirithromycin. Also disclosed are the acetone, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol solvates of dirithromycin, which provide an efficient means for preparing and isolating Form II. Processes for preparing and isolating Form II dirithromycin from these solvates or from Form I dirithromycin are provided. A process for obtaining Form II dirithromycin from non-solvated dirithromycin is also provided. Another aspect of the invention is an improved tablet containing Form II dirithromycin as the active ingredient.

Abstract: The invention provides Form II dirithromycin, a novel polymorph of dirithromycin. Also disclosed are the acetone, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, and 2-propanol solvates of dirithromycin, which provide an efficient means for preparing and isolating Form II. Processes for preparing and isolating Form II dirithromycin from these solvates or from Form I dirithromycin are provided. A process for obtaining Form II dirithromycin from non-solvated dirithromycin is also provided. Another aspect of the invention is an improved tablet containing Form II dirithromycin as the active ingredient.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing alkylsulfinyl 2-phenylimidazo[4,5-c]pyridines comprising reacting an N-(3-amino-4-pyridinyl)alkylthiobenzamide with an oxidizing agent in a lower alkanoic acid solvent.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing aminonitropyridines comprising reacting an alkoxynitropyridine with ammonium acetate.

Abstract: Hydroxyphenylacetic acids are formed from the corresponding benzaldehydes or alkyl phenyl ketones by reduction, cyanation and hydrolysis without isolation or purification of intermediate products.

Abstract: A process for preparing certain substituted benzyl esters of phenylacetic acids by esterification in a solvent in which the salt of the acid is insoluble, and in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst.

Abstract: An aqueous solution of sodium or potassium 2-ethylhexanoate is spray dried in a spray drier having an inlet temperature ranging from about 100.degree. C. to about 160.degree. C. and an outlet temperature ranging from 60.degree. C. to about 130.degree. C. to provide the corresponding sodium or potassium 2-ethylhexanoate having a moisture content of from about 0.5 to about 5.0 percent by weight and having improved purity and crystalline texture.