Abstract: There is disclosed a relatively simple method to increase the performance of surface localised multi-valent affinity ligands whose target's isoelectric pH differs significantly from the ligand's optimal target-binding pH. This situation can result in ligand binding of target affecting local pH and subsequent binding of more target. Increasing the buffering capacity of the ligand via recombinant or other addition of charge groups to the ligand is expected to partially offset such effects, leading to enhanced binding capacity as well as possible secondary favourable alterations in regard to ligand elution pH, and non-specific surface binding of non-target proteins.

Abstract: There is disclosed a relatively simple method to increase the performance of surface localised multi-valent affinity ligands whose target's isoelectric pH differs significantly from the ligand's optimal target-binding pH. This situation can result in ligand binding of target affecting local pH and subsequent binding of more target. Increasing the buffering capacity of the ligand via recombinant or other addition of charge groups to the ligand is expected to partially offset such effects, leading to enhanced binding capacity as well as possible secondary favourable alterations in regard to ligand elution pH, and non-specific surface binding of non-target proteins.

Abstract: A method of reducing electrophoretic mobility of macromolecules, particles, cells and other substances is provided which comprises interacting in a conventional electrophoretic separating procedure the substances with a polymer-linked affinity compound comprised of a hydrophilic neutral polymer such as polyethylene glycol bound to a second component such as a hydrophobic compound, an immunocompound such as an antibody or antibody active fragment, or a ligand such as a hormone, drug, antigen or a hapten. The reduction of electrophoretic mobility achieved is directly proportional to the concentration of the polymer-linked affinity compound employed, and such reduction can comprise up to 100% for particular particles and cells. The present invention is advantageous in that electrophoretic separation can now be achieved for substances whose native surface charge structure had prevented them from being separated by normal electrophoretic means.

Abstract: A method for eliminating or controlling electroosmosis and other zeta potential related phenomena in electrophoresis comprising conducting electrophoresis employing electrophoretic surfaces coated with covalently bound hydrophilic, neutral polymers is described. An electrophoretic chamber for eliminating or controlling electroosmosis and other zeta potential related phenomena in electrophoresis comprising electrophoretic surfaces coated with covalently bound hydrophilic, neutral polymers, is also disclosed as well as particles exhibiting controlled electrophoretic mobility. The method and electrophoretic chamber not only eliminate electroosmosis, but allow for specific control of electroosmosis. The coated electrophoretic surface is stable relative to prior art coatings and over a broad range of pH. The point of optical focus for accurate mobility measurements is increased from a narrow stationary level to the entire chamber, facilitating accurate measurements by mechanical means.