Abstract: A directly visualized method for deploying a detachable balloon to a target site in vivo is described. The method allows a physician or technician to deploy the detachable balloon to the target site while directly visualizing the detachment of the balloon and/or the effects of the detached balloon on the target site in vivo. The present invention alleviates problems associated with the use of indirect visualization techniques conventionally used for deploying such detachable balloons. The directly, visualized method of this invention includes the steps of providing a scope capable of directly visualizing a target site in vivo, passing a balloon catheter including an uninflated, detachable balloon through the lumen of a positioning element of the scope, and inflating and detaching the balloon at the target site in vivo.

Abstract: Methods and systems for treatment of vesicoureteral reflux are disclosed in which a detachable balloon catheter is incorporated into a endoscopic instrument, such as a cystoscopic needle. The needle is directed through the cystoscope and inserted into the subureteral region of the refluxing ureter. A catheter or similar delivery device is inserted into the subureteral region, carrying a balloon. The balloon is then inflated, preferably filled with an inert biocompatible material, and then sealed. After inflation, the balloon is detached and left in the pocket such that the junction of the bladder and ureter is reconfigured to prevent reflux.