Abstract: Systems and methods for analyzing physical characteristics of a battery include arrangements of two or more transducers coupled to the battery. A control module controls one or more of the two or more transducers to transmit acoustic signals through at least a portion of the battery, and one or more of the two or more transducers to receive response acoustic signals. Distribution of physical properties of the battery is determined based at least on the transmitted acoustic signals and the response acoustic signals.

Abstract: A non-chemical apparatus and method to lower the surface tension of a solution of liquid water and gaseous oxygen. An apparatus of the present invention comprises a source of chilled purified water, and gaseous oxygen fed into a positive displacement pump, followed by a cylinder reduced at one end by means of a convergent cone, a section of a smaller diameter cylinder attached to a divergent cone tapering up to another cylinder of a diameter the same or larger than the original cylinder. A coil of refrigeration tubing is wrapped around the smaller center cylinder to control the temperature of the inner cylinder surface.

Abstract: Apparatus and method are disclosed for the invention of a non-chemical means to lower the surface tension of a solution of liquid water and gaseous oxygen. An apparatus of the present invention comprises a source of chilled purified water, and gaseous oxygen fed into a positive displacement pump, followed by a cylinder reduced at one end by means of a convergent cone, a section of a smaller diameter cylinder attached to a divergent cone tapering up to another cylinder of a diameter the same or larger than the original cylinder. A coil of refrigeration tubing is wrapped around the smaller center cylinder to control the temperature of the inner cylinder surface. Although the preferred embodiment of this invention is to produce a dissolved oxygen solution for use in humans as a means of delivering oxygen to the portal vein system for treatment of various disorders, it is in no way limited to this particular application.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a semiconductor package is formed by adding a layer of particles to desired portions of a packing substrate. The layer of particles forms a matrix of crevices that provides a micro-lock feature for mechanically locking or engaging encapsulating materials.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a semiconductor package is formed by adding a layer of particles to desired portions of a packing substrate. The layer of particles forms a matrix of crevices that provides a micro-lock feature for mechanically locking or engaging encapsulating materials.

Abstract: A method for playing a trivia game comprising the steps of compiling a general pool of trivia questions; arranging a game with a plurality of players connected over a computer network; receiving an entry fee from a plurality of players connected over a computer network; and assigning a starting point total for each player; presenting a sequence of at least 20 trivia questions. Each question is presented by: presenting the topic for the question; setting point wager limits; receiving a point wager from a plurality of players connected over a computer network; presenting multiple choice answers having at least one correct answer; adding wagered points for correct answers, and decaying points earnable for a question over time; subtracting wagered points for incorrect answers; increasing point wager limits; calculating ending point totals for each player to determine the winner; and pooling the entry fees to award a portion of the entry fees to the winner.