Abstract: A device and method for lifting a hollow bodied block includes an elongated body having a top end and a bottom end with a handle attached to the top end. A first arm rigidly extends from the elongated body in a substantially perpendicular direction and is configured to engage an inner surface of the block. A second arm is pivotally attached to the bottom end of the elongated body in a substantially opposite direction to that of the first arm. Upon exerting a lifting force on the handle of the lifter, the second arm rotates relative to the elongated body, forming a desired angle with the first arm and creating an outward force sufficient to grip and lift the block.

Abstract: A device and method for lifting a hollow bodied block includes an elongated body having a top end and a bottom end with a handle attached to the top end. A first arm rigidly extends from the elongated body in a substantially perpendicular direction and is configured to engage an inner surface of the block. A second arm is pivotally attached to the bottom end of the elongated body in a substantially opposite direction to that of the first arm. Upon exerting a lifting force on the handle of the lifter, the second arm rotates relative to the elongated body, forming a desired angle with the first arm and creating an outward force sufficient to grip and lift the block.

Abstract: In a process of tobacco reconstitution by extrusion a mixture of tobacco, starch and binder, with the addition of water, is extruded as a web. The extrudate is drawn down, whereby the thickness of the web is reduced. A minor proportion of the binder, which may be carboxymethyl cellulose, is fed to the extruder barrel in aqueous solution. This has the effect of increasing the tensile strength of the web, so that the web can be drawn down to a greater degree.