Abstract: An apparatus for sensing an analyte gas is provided. The apparatus may include a signal amplifier that may include a thin film transistor that may include a semiconducting film that may include a metal oxide capable of chemical interaction with the analyte gas, such as carbon monoxide. The apparatus may be tuned for detecting the analyte gas by varying the gate voltage of the transistor.

Abstract: A method for electronically detecting an electrostatic based biological binding event. This same binding event can be detected optically via complicated experimental setups. A balanced coil system is incorporated into a hand held unit with a plug-in chip. The chip may further be made to act like an array with a different surface molecule for detection of different bio-molecules.

Abstract: A gas sensor for sensing chemical gases utilizes a metal oxynitride as the sensing material, which changes its conductivity when exposed to the analyte gas. The change in conductivity is measured for the sensor output. The metal may be either tungsten or molybdenum.

Abstract: A gas sensor for sensing noxious chemical gases utilizes metal nitrides, metal oxynitrides, metal carbides or metal oxycarbides as the sensing material, which changes its conductivity when exposed to the analyte gas. The change in conductivity is measured for the sensor output.

Abstract: A stress wave sensor comprising a piezoelectric film and means therein for connection to sensor electronics. The piezoelectric film preferably comprises polyvinylidene fluoride. Also a stress wave sensor system and methods employing one or more such stress wave sensors, preferably attached to a vehicle transparent component, most preferably to the vehicle windshield.

Abstract: A method for electronically detecting an electrostatic based biological binding event. This same binding event can be detected optically via complicated experimental setups. A balanced coil system is incorporated into a hand held unit with a plug-in chip. The chip may further be made to act like an array with a different surface molecule for detection of different bio-molecules.

Abstract: The effectiveness of a catalyst is enhanced by using an applied voltage to raise the Fermi-level energy thus populating the conduction band and possibly the reaction band.

Abstract: The present invention relates to devices for treating liquids, and methods for treating liquids, particularly by using such devices. Reticulated electrode structures with a high proportion of surface area to volume are formed with at least two metals, and are coupled in arrays to an electrical driving signal such as an alternating and/or direct current voltage source, for ion exchange with a liquid to be treated, to produce, e.g., potable water.

Abstract: A stress wave sensor comprising a piezoelectric film and means therein for connection to sensor electronics. The piezoelectric film preferably comprises polyvinylidene fluoride. Also a stress wave sensor system and methods employing one or more such stress wave sensors, preferably attached to a vehicle transparent component, most preferably to the vehicle windshield.

Abstract: The invention provides control systems and methodologies for controlling a process having one or more motorized pumps and associated motor drives, which provide for optimized process performance according to one or more performance criteria, such as efficiency, component life expectancy, safety, emissions, noise, vibration, operational cost, or the like. More particularly, the subject invention provides for employing machine diagnostic and/or prognostic information in connection with optimizing an overall business operation over a time horizon.

Abstract: A portable multi-functional modular water filtration unit having configurable modules that can be adapted to render environmental water potable or to isolate contaminants from groundwater or water from other sources such as backwash from reverse osmosis water purification units (ROWPU) or shower and laundry water ("gray water") such that the water may be recycled or discharged in full compliance with applicable laws. Plural treatment tanks as well as inlet and outlet filters are coupleable via pressure gauge bearing quick connect fittings in series and parallel arrangements, to allow changes of filter elements (for replacement or substitution of a different active material) and to accommodate flow in filtration arrays. The water purification system specifically addresses the changing water purifying needs that arise during troop deployment, training and maneuvers, disaster relief and environmental cleanup.

Abstract: A transportable water purification unit with a reverse osmosis water purification unit (ROWPU), particularly for military use, is arranged to process municipal and other chlorinated water without damage to the reverse osmosis filtration elements. A modular transportable dechlorination device is coupled between the inlet of the ROWPU and a source of chlorinated water, such as a municipal fire hydrant, swimming pool, etc. The dechlorination device has a number of tubes mounted on a frame, at least some containing integral reticulated metallic dechlorination elements, the tubes being interconnected by quick connect removable U-fittings at their ends, whereby access is obtained to the reticulated elements, which can be in cartridges, and the order of the tubes along the flowpath can be altered. The reticulated dechlorination elements preferably comprise a Cu--Zn (brass) alloy and have a surface area to volume ratio of 200 to 500, preferably 300 to 350.