Abstract: The present invention relates to a biosynthetic route to intermediates of the QS-21 molecule which are triterpenes from a saponin extract of the tree Quillaja saponaria comprising a quillaic acid backbone, as well as routes to make the QS-21 molecule, enzymes involved, the products produced and uses of the product.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a turbine for location of fluid flow. Aspects of the present invention aim to overcome the problems associated with complex marine turbines and provide a simple, robust and economic design. The blades may be located downstream of the turbine body and means are provided to enable relative rotational movement between the support and the turbine such that the turbine aligns with the fluid flow and at least one bearing is configured to be in contact with the fluid. There may also be provided an electrical connection means that comprises a first connection element for rotation with the turbine and a second element connection arranged to be non-rotating and be connected to the cable to a remote location.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a marine turbine and variety of aspects relative thereto. Renewal energy systems have recently been understood to be a necessary energy source, and tidal power is a particularly useful source as it is generally not visible and has a limited ecological impact. The present invention relates to a system for converting the kinetic energy of flowing fluid into electrical energy comprising a turbine having a low speed electricity generator and a braking means for controlling the speed of rotation of the shaft. The present invention also extends to a nacelle for housing a number of components of a turbine wherein the nacelle has cover for selectively opening and closing the aperture to the nacelle in order to provide a substantially watertight seal therebetween.