Abstract: Processes for controlling pollution by: (a) devolatizing vapor phase chemical pollutants (VP's) found in effluents and other bodies and streams of gases and liquids, and (b) stabilizing substrates from which the VP's are released. The offending VP's are converted to less offensive or inoffensive materials by interaction with an appropriately formulated treating agent (VTA/C) containing a primary halogen and at least one additional ingredient selected from the following classes of constituents (optional if bromine is the primary halogen and otherwise required): oligodynamically active metals, cohalogens, adjuncts, and facilitators. The major constituent(s) may be supplied as such, or a source of the constituent may be provided. Actinic radiation can be employed to promote reactions between the VP and the VTA/C, which is often formulated as an aqueous scrubbing medium.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and products are disclosed in which an egg is noninvasively infused with oxygen such that the structural integrity of the shell of the egg is not compromised. The method comprises the step of subjecting the external surface of the egg shell to the oxygen under a condition of at least one of vacuum and positive pressure. The oxygen is from a substance selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nascent oxygen, liquid oxygen, oxone, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium permanganate.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and products are disclosed in which an egg is non-invasively infused with oxygen such that the structural integrity of the shell of the egg is not compromised. The method comprises the step of subjecting the external surface of the egg shell to the oxygen under a condition of at least one of vacuum and positive pressure. The oxygen is from a substance selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nascent oxygen, liquid oxygen, oxone, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium permanganate.

Abstract: A method and products are disclosed in which a fertilized egg is non-invasively infused with oxygen such that the structural integrity of the shell of the egg is not compromised. The method comprises the step of subjecting the external surface of the eggshell to the oxygen under a condition of at least one of vacuum and positive pressure. The oxygen is from a substance selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nascent oxygen, liquid oxygen, oxone, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium permanganate.

Abstract: Time at temperature methods of treating whole eggs which make them safer to eat without affecting the functionality or organoleptic properties of the eggs. The keeping quality of the eggs is also improved.

Abstract: Malodorous substances resulting from the decomposition of organic products derived from living organisms, such as acrolein, ammonia, aldehydes, cadaverine, indole, alkaloids including primary and/or secondary amines, butyric acid and skatole, separately or in combination, which may be included in polluted air escaping from rendering plants or cooks, poultry and seafood processing plants, food canneries, tanneries, sewage treatment plants or excrement receptacles, or which may be carried by or impregnated in fabrics, can be rendered unobjectionable by treatment of such air, facilities or products with metallic material including inorganic metal salts such as chlorides, sulfates, nitrates and phosphates, oxides and hydroxides. Suitable metals include aluminum, copper, iron, nickel and zinc. Usually the metallic material is carried by or contained in a liquid vehicle, but in some instances may be used in powder form.

Abstract: A composition and method for preventing and/or reducing stench and septicity from animal waste comprising a sulfur and oxygen-bearing component and one or more aldehydes and/or one or more ketones. The sulfur and oxygen-bearing component is selected from the group consisting of sodium bisulfite, potassium bisulfite, lithium bisulfite, sodium metabisulfite, potassium metabisulfite, lithium metabisulfite, sodium hydrosulfite, potassium hydrosulfite, lithium hydrosulfite and hydrogen sulfite. The aldehyde is selected from the group consisting of formaldehyde, glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde, butryaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, anisaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, citral, glycolic aldehyde, paraldehyde, metaldehyde, heptylaldehyde, octylaldehyde and decylaldehyde. The ketone is selected from the group consisting of diacetyl, ionone, pseudo-ionone, acetylacetone, 3-buten-2-one, mesityl oxide, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, diethyl ketone and dipropyl ketone.

Abstract: Biowaste treatment agents for treating biowastes in a manner which: (a) keeps noxious and toxic substances from being released from the biowaste, and (b) neutralizes such substances released during the course of stabilizing the biowaste. The treatment agents include a surfactant in an amount of from 1.0 to 99 percent of the treatment agent, a metal component in an amount from 0.5 to 85 percent of the treatment agent, the metal component including a source of zinc, or copper, or a combination of copper with aluminum or iron, and an aldehyde in an amount from 0.1 to 80 percent of the treatment agent.

Abstract: A process and apparatus is disclosed for treating fibrous material under pressure which includes at least two pressure relief devices. The pressure relief devices are arranged so that only one at a time is exposed to pressure during the treatment process. When the exposed pressure relief device is ruptured in response to an abnormal increase in pressure, the ruptured device may be isolated and the second pressure relief device exposed to the operating pressure so that the treatment apparatus may be operated on a substantially continuous basis.

Abstract: A composition and method for reducing odor and septicity from animal waste consisting of glyoxal is disclosed. One or more aldehydes can optionally be added to the glyoxal. The aldehydes are selected from the group consisting of benzaldehyde, glycollic aldehyde, acetaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, salicylaldehyde, citral and propionaldehyde.Most preferably, the aldehyde is benzaldehyde or citral. The preferred amounts are between about 0.1 percent and super saturation of glyoxal, and between about 5 percent and about 10 percent benzaldehyde and/or citral. The most preferred amounts are about 40 percent glyoxal and about 10 percent benzaldehyde and/or citral.One or more ketones can optionally be added to the glyoxal.

Abstract: Vitamin augmented rice composites and methods include ground rice, vitamin, a binding agent, a cross-linking agent for setting the binding agent, an antioxidant, a moisture barrier agent and an aqueous agent. The binding agent is most preferably algin, the cross-linking agent is most preferably a calcium source, the vitamin is most preferably vitamin A, the antioxidant is most preferably vitamin E, the moisture barrier agent is most preferably lard, and the aqueous agent is most preferably water.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods and products in which an egg is non-invasively infused with oxygen such that the structural integrity of the shell of the egg is not compromised. The method comprises the step of subjecting the external surface of the egg shell to the oxygen under a condition of at least one of vacuum and positive pressure. The oxygen is from a substance selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nascent oxygen, liquid oxygen, oxone, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium permanganate.

Abstract: Biowaste treatment agents for treating biowastes in a manner which: (a) keeps noxious and toxic substances from being released from the biowaste, and (b) neutralizes such substances released during the course of stabilizing the biowaste. The treatment agents include a surfactant in an amount of from 1.0 to 99 percent of the treatment agent, a metal component in an amount from 0.5 to 85 percent of the treatment agent, the metal component including a source of zinc, or copper, or a combination of copper with aluminum or iron, and an aldehyde in an amount from 0.1 to 80 percent of the treatment agent.

Abstract: Time at temperature methods of treating whole eggs which make them safer to eat without affecting the functionality or organoleptic properties of the eggs. The keeping quality of the eggs is also improved.

Abstract: Biowaste treatment agents for treating biowastes in a manner which: (a) keeps noxious and toxic substances from being released from the biowaste, and (b) neutralizes such substances released during the course of stabilizing the biowaste. The treatment agents include a surfactant in an amount of from 1.0 to 99 percent of the treatment agent, a metal component in an amount from 0.5 to 85 percent of the treatment agent, the metal component including a source of zinc, or copper, or a combination of copper with aluminum or iron, and an aldehyde in an amount from 0.1 to 80 percent of the treatment agent.

Abstract: A method and products are disclosed in which a fertilized egg is non-invasively infused with oxygen such that the structural integrity of the shell of the egg is not compromised. The method comprises the step of subjecting the external surface of the eggshell to the oxygen under a condition of at least one of vacuum and positive pressure. The oxygen is from a substance selected from the group consisting of oxygen, nascent oxygen, liquid oxygen, oxone, ozone, hydrogen peroxide, and potassium permanganate.

Abstract: Methods of treating liquid, semiliquid and solid foods to make them safer to eat and/or to improve the keeping quality of the product. Among the steps that can be employed are: the use of a biocidally active form of oxygen to reduce the population of indigenous microbes, the removal from the food of indigenous gases which may cause spoilage, the replacement of gases removed from the product with gases which are chemically inert or biologically sterile or both, and the asceptic packaging of the treated product. The selected process steps are carried out for a time and at a temperature sufficient to facilitate production of substantially more natural and safer foods than can be obtained if traditional methods of pasteurization are employed.

Abstract: Biowaste treatment agents for treating biowastes in a manner which: (a) keeps noxious and toxic substances from being released from the biowaste, and (b) neutralizes such substances released during the course of stabilizing the biowaste. The treatment agents include a surfactant in an amount of from 1.0 to 99 percent of the treatment agent, a metal component in an amount from 0.5 to 85 percent of the treatment agent, the metal component including a source of zinc, or copper, or a combination of copper with aluminum or iron, and an aldehyde in an amount from 0.1 to 80 percent of the treatment agent.

Abstract: A blended yolk composition is disclosed comprised of a fat, an emulsifier and an aqueous component, at least one of the fat and the aqueous component containing a chicken-type flavoring. The yolk composition can be used in baking or combined with egg white, a modified egg white or a simulated egg white to produce a simulated blended whole poultry egg composition.Alternatively the yolk composition may utilize a modified yolk, such as decholesterolized yolk. Also disclosed are methods of preparing the compositions.

Abstract: Powdered grain and/or legume material is mixed with a liquid binder containing algin to form a dough that is molded, or extruded and the extruded material severed, to form synthesized kernels or bits. Such kernels or bits are deposited in an edible boiling liquid, preferably containing calcium chloride and/or calcium lactate, for setting the binder, and cooked in such setting liquid for a few minutes after which they are removed from the setting or gelling liquid, rinsed, retrograded, or set and stabilized in their cooked and expanded state as by freezing or the like, and dried; or they may be canned or frozen. As a consequence, the kernels or bits can be rehydrated and rendered instantly edible merely by the addition of an edible hot or cold liquid without requiring further cooking. The bits may contain other food ingredients and/or fortifying agents such, merely by way of example, as vitamins, minerals, proteins, amino acids, fats, oils, medicaments and/or flavorings or coloring materials.