Abstract: The disclosure provides a cranial access device that reduces or eliminates artifacts during imaging. The cranial access device includes a cranial bolt and a drive adapter. The cranial bolt includes a distal threaded portion, a proximal drive portion comprising a plurality of protrusions that form an external drive geometry, and a central passageway configured for receiving a neurosurgical tool. The drive adapter includes a distal end configured to receive and interface with the external drive geometry of the proximal drive portion, and a proximal end configured to receive a driver tool.

Abstract: A clutch apparatus includes a mandibular clutch device and a maxillary clutch device. The mandibular clutch device includes a mandibular clutch configured to be affixed to mandibular teeth, a mandibular face bow connected to the mandibular clutch, and first and second collimated light sources connected to the mandibular face bow. The maxillary clutch device includes a maxillary clutch configured to be affixed to maxillary teeth, a maxillary face bow connected to the maxillary clutch, and first and second position-sensitive diodes (PSDs) connected to the maxillary face bow. Each of the mandibular and maxillary face bow is selectively adjustable to position the first and second light sources and the first and second PSDs in a plurality of positions.

Abstract: A clutch apparatus includes a mandibular clutch device and a maxillary clutch device. The mandibular clutch device includes a mandibular clutch configured to be affixed to mandibular teeth, a mandibular face bow connected to the mandibular clutch, and first and second collimated light sources connected to the mandibular face bow. The maxillary clutch device includes a maxillary clutch configured to be affixed to maxillary teeth, a maxillary face bow connected to the maxillary clutch, and first and second position-sensitive diodes (PSDs) connected to the maxillary face bow. Each of the mandibular and maxillary face bow is selectively adjustable to position the first and second light sources and the first and second PSDs in a plurality of positions.

Abstract: A pressure-mounted gate includes a first panel extending horizontally. A second panel is slidably coupled to the first panel. The second panel extends horizontally. A locking mechanism is coupled to the first panel and the second panel. The locking mechanism facilitates a widening of the gate by a ratcheting structure. The locking mechanism locks a position of the first panel and the second panel at a desired gate width.

Abstract: A pressure-mounted gate includes a first panel extending horizontally. A second panel is slidably coupled to the first panel. The second panel extends horizontally. A locking mechanism is coupled to the first panel and the second panel. The locking mechanism facilitates a widening of the gate by a ratcheting structure. The locking mechanism locks a position of the first panel and the second panel at a desired gate width.