Abstract: Provided herein are compounds according to Formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R1, R2, R3, R5, and R7 are defined herein. Also provided herein are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) as well as the use of such compounds as M4 receptor agonists.

Abstract: Electron emitting structures and methods of electron emission are provided. In one implementation, an electron emitting structure comprises a substrate, a cathode electrode, an insulating material and a gate electrode. Linear apertures are formed in the gate electrode and in the insulating material in a portion of the gate electrode crossing over the cathode electrode. And an electron emitting material is deposited on a portion of the cathode electrode within each linear aperture. In another implementation, the cathode electrode includes linear cathode sections formed in a portion of the cathode electrode, and the gate electrode has linear gate sections. A respective linear cathode section is located in between two adjacent linear gate sections. And an electron emitting material is deposited on at least a portion of each linear cathode section. In preferred form, the electron emitting structure is implemented in a field emission display (FED).

Abstract: An electron emitting structure having deflectable electrodes, such as found in grating light valves (GLVs) is provided. In one implementation, the structure includes a substrate having base electrodes and gate electrodes coupled thereto and insulated from each other, and an emitting material deposited on active regions of the base electrodes. Upon applying a voltage potential difference between a base electrode and a gate electrode, a portion of one of the base electrode and the gate electrode deflects through electrostatic force positioning the portion of the one of the base electrode and the gate electrode relative to another one of the base electrode and the gate electrode such that an electric field is produced that is sufficient to cause an emission from an emitting material deposited on the base electrode. In preferred form, lower drive voltages are required to provide the electric field without requiring sub-micron spacing between electrodes.

Abstract: An electron emitting structure having deflectable electrodes, such as found in grating light valves (GLVs) is provided. In one implementation, the structure includes a substrate having base electrodes and gate electrodes coupled thereto and insulated from each other, and an emitting material deposited on active regions of the base electrodes. Upon applying a voltage potential difference between a base electrode and a gate electrode, a portion of one of the base electrode and the gate electrode deflects through electrostatic force positioning the portion of the one of the base electrode and the gate electrode relative to another one of the base electrode and the gate electrode such that an electric field is produced that is sufficient to cause an emission from an emitting material deposited on the base electrode. In preferred form, lower drive voltages are required to provide the electric field without requiring sub-micron spacing between electrodes.