Abstract: A subsea production system and method for installing the same are provided. The subsea production system includes a high pressure subsea wellhead, a tubing hanger landed proximate the wellhead, a production tree disposed above the wellhead downstream of the tubing hanger, a riser, a subsea flowline system coupled between the production tree and the riser, at least one barrier located downstream of the tubing hanger, and a secondary barrier valve disposed within the tubing hanger or in line with and upstream of the tubing hanger. The at least one barrier provides a pressure barrier that controls pressure of fluid flowing from components of the subsea production system located upstream of the barrier to components of the subsea production system located downstream of the barrier, and the secondary barrier valve is remotely actuable between a closed position and an open position.

Abstract: A subsea production system and method for installing the same are provided. The subsea production system includes a high pressure subsea wellhead, a tubing hanger landed proximate the wellhead, a production tree disposed above the wellhead downstream of the tubing hanger, a riser, a subsea flowline system coupled between the production tree and the riser, at least one barrier located downstream of the tubing hanger, and a secondary barrier valve disposed within the tubing hanger or in line with and upstream of the tubing hanger. The at least one barrier provides a pressure barrier that controls pressure of fluid flowing from components of the subsea production system located upstream of the barrier to components of the subsea production system located downstream of the barrier, and the secondary barrier valve is remotely actuable between a closed position and an open position.

Abstract: Provided herein are compositions and methods for providing a combination of compression and temperature therapy. In particular, provided herein are compression bandages that transmit cooling or heating to an injury.

Abstract: In accordance with the present disclosure, a full top-to-bottom subsea system and method used to drill, complete, produce, and perform interventions on HPHT subsea wells is provided. The disclosed systems and methods involve the use of a controlled multiple barrier system, such as a high integrity pipeline protection system (HIPPS), incorporated into the subsea system to divide the system into two sections. The sections on either side of the barrier may be rated for different pressures, temperatures, and/or flow rates. For example, the first section (upstream of the barrier) is rated for operating at pressures/temperatures/flow rates up to a first (higher) threshold. The second section (downstream of the barrier) is rated for operating at pressures/temperatures/flow rates up to a second (lower) threshold. The disclosed subsea production system methodology, which uses barriers to divide the system components between two pressure ratings, may allow for enhanced development of HPHT reservoirs.

Abstract: In accordance with the present disclosure, a full top-to-bottom subsea system and method used to drill, complete, produce, and perform interventions on HPHT subsea wells is provided. The disclosed systems and methods involve the use of a controlled multiple barrier system, such as a high integrity pipeline protection system (HIPPS), incorporated into the subsea system to divide the system into two sections. The sections on either side of the barrier may be rated for different pressures, temperatures, and/or flow rates. For example, the first section (upstream of the barrier) is rated for operating at pressures/temperatures/flow rates up to a first (higher) threshold. The second section (downstream of the barrier) is rated for operating at pressures/temperatures/flow rates up to a second (lower) threshold. The disclosed subsea production system methodology, which uses barriers to divide the system components between two pressure ratings, may allow for enhanced development of HPHT reservoirs.

Abstract: A method etching features through a stack of a silicon nitride layer over a silicon layer over a silicon oxide layer in a plasma processing chamber is provided. The silicon nitride layer is etched in the plasma processing chamber, comprising; flowing a silicon nitride etch gas; forming the silicon nitride etch gas into a plasma to etch the silicon nitride layer, and stopping the flow of the silicon nitride etch gas. The silicon layer is, comprising flowing a silicon etch gas, wherein the silicon etch gas comprises SF6 or SiF4, forming the silicon etch gas into a, and stopping the flow of the silicon etch gas. The silicon oxide layer is etched in the plasma processing chamber, comprising flowing a silicon oxide etch gas, forming the silicon oxide etch gas into a plasma, and stopping the flow of the silicon oxide etch gas.

Abstract: A method etching features through a stack of a silicon nitride layer over a silicon layer over a silicon oxide layer in a plasma processing chamber is provided. The silicon nitride layer is etched in the plasma processing chamber, comprising; flowing a silicon nitride etch gas; forming the silicon nitride etch gas into a plasma to etch the silicon nitride layer, and stopping the flow of the silicon nitride etch gas. The silicon layer is, comprising flowing a silicon etch gas, wherein the silicon etch gas comprises SF6 or SiF4, forming the silicon etch gas into a, and stopping the flow of the silicon etch gas. The silicon oxide layer is etched in the plasma processing chamber, comprising flowing a silicon oxide etch gas, forming the silicon oxide etch gas into a plasma, and stopping the flow of the silicon oxide etch gas.

Abstract: A tube mounting assembly for total traverse or static traverse sensing tubes is provided for use with Pitot tube devices where the tubes are allowed to expand and contract independent of the flow element shell. A female threaded pipe cap is tack welded or otherwise affixed to the inside internal surface of the flow element shell. A ½ inch NPTX tube fitting of the bore-thru fitting type is affixed to the pipe cap, and a traverse tube, sealed by high temperature packing or thread sealant between the tube and a tube nut, are then affixed to the opposite end of the bore-thru tube fitting.

Abstract: An improved manual purge system for periodically cleaning pressure sensing flow element tubing is provided that is a complete self-contained system for allowing manual determination and initiation of flow element purging. Additionally, the system can be easily upgraded to an automatic purge system without removal from the process system.

Abstract: Method for etching a feature in an integrated circuit wafer with minimized effect of micromasking. The method introduces a flow of etchant gas including a fluorocarbon gas to the wafer, and uses the etchant gas to form a plasma in proximity with at least a portion of the wafer. The plasma is used to etch at least a portion of the feature in the wafer. Disassociation of the fluorocarbon into fluorine and hydrocarbon species performs two functions. The fluorine species prevents or significantly reduces sputtered hardmask components from depositing on the floor of the etched feature during etching. The hydrocarbon species acts to form a passivation layer on the sidewalls of the feature.

Abstract: An automated condensate drain system for gas flow elements is provided that includes a differential pressure transmitter, a sequence controller, and two condensate chambers for receiving and collecting accumulated moisture from air flow elements and transmitters. The condensate chambers are placed in low profile positions within the instrument piping system, requiring downward sloping of the instrument tubing to accentuate condensation drainage. The sequence controller initiates a drainage cycle (set as desired by operator), permitting the transmitter to enter an auto-zero cycle, thereby energizing an internal isolation valve in the transmitter while maintaining the transmitter output. The sequence controller energizes solenoid valves of the two condensate chambers, wherein the chambers open to permit drainage of accumulated moisture assisted by static pressure system.

Abstract: A high temperature gas flow sensing element module, using Pitot tube technology, for use within a fluid conduit consisting of a housing having an inlet, an outlet, and forming a hollow interior cross-sectional area. Individually, the gas flow sensing element modules fit easily through typical furnace access doors. Thus, in typical furnace retrofit applications, a plurality of equally sized gas flow sensing element modules are arranged adjacent one another in a manner such that the inside dimensions of the entire arrangement coincide with the internal dimensions of the plenum or duct opening into which it is inserted. Pressure averaging piping is used to provide average total and static pressure across the entire gas flow sensing element to differential pressure flow indicators and/or transmitting devices.

Abstract: Method for etching a feature in an integrated circuit wafer with minimized effect of micromasking. The method introduces a flow of etchant gas including a fluorocarbon gas to the wafer, and uses the etchant gas to form a plasma in proximity with at least a portion of the wafer. The plasma is used to etch at least a portion of the feature in the wafer. Disassociation of the fluorocarbon into fluorine and hydrocarbon species performs two functions. The fluorine species prevents or significantly reduces sputtered hardmask components from depositing on the floor of the etched feature during etching. The hydrocarbon species acts to form a passivation layer on the sidewalls of the feature.

Abstract: A tube packing extension assembly is provided, wherein a conventional cap fitting with plug fitting is replaced with a tube packing extension enclosure that incorporates an extended, linearly elongated outer tube sheath for circumscribing in a concentric manner any tube end that extends outward from the outer conduit sidewall. This outer tube sheath is formed as attached to a tube fitting connection nut, and provides an extension, of selectable size, that extends outward from the conduit sidewall, yet fully encloses and protects the end of the sensing tube. A tube packing extension cap can thereby be removably affixed to the outer end of the tube packing extension enclosure outward by a sufficient length should any brushing or purging of the tubes be required.

Abstract: A high temperature gas flow sensing element is disclosed having a housing with similar internal dimensions as the fluid conduit, whether round or rectangular. An interior flow conditioner is affixed at the inlet of the flow element. A total pressure sensing pitot tube array is affixed traversing the interior cross sectional area of flow element for sensing the total pressure of fluid flowing into the flow element, and a static pressure sensing pitot tube array is also affixed traversing the interior cross sectional area of the flow element for sensing the average static pressure within the flow element. The pitot tubes and pressure sensing tubes are affixed at four places, two shell penetrations and two places at the manifolds, regardless of manifold design or the element shape.

Abstract: A wheel slip controller for a locomotive is disclosed that utilizes PID controllers to control the traction wheels during normal locomotive operation. The controller monitors several independent wheel slip indicators to provide rapid detection of excessive wheel slip. Upon detecting excessive traction wheel slip, motor control from the operative PID controller is suspended and a wheel slip compensator assumes command of the traction wheel drive motors. The wheel slip compensator then dynamically compensates the motors depending upon the amount of wheel slip that is detected. Once the wheel slip condition has been corrected, control of the traction motors is transferred back to the interrupted PID controller.

Abstract: A pitot tube having a series of pressure sensing ports on the upstream side of the tube and a second series of pressure sensing openings on the downstream side of the tube. A longitudinal internal wall in the tube forms a pair of chambers, one of which communicates with the upstream ports and the second which communicates with the downstream ports. A plate attached to the end of the tube has diverging passages communicating with the two chambers, the plate forming a flange for connecting a manifold, a transmitter for indicating the flow pressures sensed by the ports, a gauge or the like.