Abstract: A method and apparatus for reproducing color images on the electrophotographic printing machine with liquid developer, wherein there is enabled with such developers in embodiments excellent fixing characteristics especially when the developed image being in two distinct liquid phases is transferred from an intermediate substrate to the final substrate, such as paper. In embodiments of the present invention there is provided developers and processes for achieving high fix. The liquid developed image is concentrated to 30 to 45 percent solid by removing carrier liquid and thereafter heated on the intermediate substrate.

Abstract: A system and method for color mixing management in an electrostatographic printing system, wherein a developing material reservoir containing an operative solution of colored developing material including a mixture of selected color components is continuously replenished with selected differently colored developing material concentrates in a predetermined ratio so as to be capable of producing a customer selectable color image area on an output substrate. The present invention may also be utilized to mix a customer selectable color in situ, either from stored proportions known to compensate for developability differences or from approximate amounts of primary color components initially deposited and mixed in the developing material reservoir with the resultant operative developing material mixture continually developed and replenished with a predetermined ratio of color components until the developing material mixture reaches a steady state color.

Abstract: A liquid developing material replenishment system wherein an apparatus for developing an electrostatic latent image with a liquid developing material includes a liquid developing reservoir for providing a supply of operative liquid developing material to the developing apparatus, and a liquid developing material supply is coupled to the liquid developing material reservoir for providing a supply of liquid developing concentrate to the liquid developing material reservoir for replenishing the supply of operative liquid developing material in the liquid developing reservoir. A predetermined amount of operative liquid developing material is periodically and/or systematically discharged from the liquid developing material reservoir to remove contaminated liquid developing material from the reservoir.

Abstract: A dry electrostatographic process involving the development of the latent image using a semi-dry developer having a solids content ranging from about 50% to about 99% by weight based on the weight of the semi-dry developer, and wherein the semi-dry developer is prepared by a developer preparation process comprising: (i) removing liquid from a liquid developer in an effective amount to yield the semi-dry developer; or (ii) adding a liquid additive to a dry developer containing toner particles ranging in size of from about 1 to 7 microns in an effective amount to yield the semi-dry developer.

Abstract: An method and apparatus for eliminating residual charge potential in a multicolor electrostatographic system is disclosed, wherein a transparent conductive solution is applied to a developed image for neutralizing any charge potential therein prior to subsequent development of a superimposed electrostatic latent image. An apparatus for applying a thin layer of charge neutralizing material to the developed image is provided. In addition, various solutions have been described which may be advantageously utilized to provide a charge neutralizing material in the context of the present invention.

Abstract: A liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid with essentially no volatiles, thermoplastic resin particles, a charge adjuvant, or charge control agent, pigment, and a charge director, and wherein said volatiles are removed by heating.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of liquid developers which comprises contacting said developers with supercritical carbon dioxide.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of liquid developers with reduced fines which comprises heating a liquid developer comprised of thermoplastic resin, pigment, charge adjuvant, liquid hydrocarbon, and optional charge director, wherein said heating is accomplished at about 5.degree. C. below the melting point of said thermoplastic resin, which heating enables said fines comprised of said developer components, and of a size diameter of from about 0.1 to about 0.4 micron to be reduced.

Abstract: A negatively charged liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, thermoplastic resin particles, pigment, a charge adjuvant, and a BAB polymer charge director wherein A and B represent the polar and nonpolar polymer segments, respectively.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there is provided in a liquid electrophotographic reproduction machine, a development unit for developing latent images on an image bearing member using liquid developer material. The development unit includes a housing defining a liquid developer material holding chamber, and a quantity of liquid developer material contained within the chamber. The quantity of developer material includes carrier liquid and charged toner particles dispersed within the quantity of carrier liquid. The development unit also includes a heating element located inside the quantity of developer material for heating the quantity of developer material. The quantity of developer material when heated has a desired elevated temperature within a range of 50 to 60 degrees centigrade for improved developability without causing toner particle agglomeration.

Abstract: A color printer having a photoconductive belt and employing liquid developer. A latent image is recorded on the photoconductive belt corresponding to the subtractive color of one of the colors of the appropriately colored toner particles at a first development station. An image conditioning system condition the developed image by reducing fluid content while inhibiting the departure of toner particles therefrom thereby increasing solids content of the developed image on the photoconductive belt. The photoconductive surface with the developed image thereon is recharged and re-exposed to record the latent image thereon corresponding to the subtractive primary of another color of the original. This latent image is developed with appropriately colored toner and conditioned. This process is repeated until all the different color toner layers are deposited in superimposed registration with one another on the photoconductive surface.

Abstract: An intermediate transfer member achieves substantially 100% toner transfer by containing a fluorocarbon elastomer containing less than 60 mole % vulnerable sites in the fluorocarbon chain. A high resolution image can be produced in an image developing system containing such a fluorocarbon elastomer. The fluorocarbon elastomer reduces the charge exchange between toner particles and the intermediate transfer member, and also reduces charge exchange between charge directors in liquid developers and the intermediate transfer member.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of liquid developers comprising forming a heated dispersion of colorant, thermoplastic resin and carrier liquid, and charge control agent, followed by subsequent cooling of the resulting molten mixture under high shear.

Abstract: A liquid developer comprised of a liquid, thermoplastic resin particles, a nonpolar liquid soluble charge director comprised of at least one oxygen containing group with from 1 to 5 oxygen atoms covalently bound to a quaternized ammonium nitrogen in an AB diblock copolymer or an ABA triblock copolymer wherein the A block is polar and is an ammonium containing polymer, and the B block is nonpolar and is a nonpolar fluid soluble polymer, and wherein the A blocks possess a number average molecular weight range of from about 200 to about 10,000 and the B blocks possess a number average molecular weight range of from about 2,000 to 50,000 and the ratio of weight average molecular weight M.sub.w to number average molecular weight M.sub.n is 1 to 5.

Abstract: A positively charged liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, thermoplastic resin particles, an optional charge adjuvant, optional pigment, and a charge director comprised of a mixture of I. a nonpolar liquid soluble organic phosphate mono and diester mixture derived from phosphoric acid and isotridecyl alcohol, and II. a nonpolar liquid soluble organic aluminum complex, or mixtures thereof of the formulas ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, and n represents a number.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for transferring a developed image made up of toner particles and a liquid carrier to copy sheet, wherein the developed image is heated to a temperature such that the toner particles are sintered to form a coherent bonded network of toner particles without melting the individual toner particles to form a substantially solid mass, and where the coalesced toner particles still retain mobility in an electrostatic field.

Abstract: A liquid ink development (LID) reproduction machine for producing a stabilized liquid toner image having clean-background areas. The reproduction machine includes a movable image bearing member having a photoconductive surface, and latent image forming devices for forming a latent image on the photoconductive surface such that the latent image has image areas and background areas. The reproduction machine also includes a development apparatus containing liquid toner developer material for developing the latent image. The liquid toner developer material includes a carrier liquid having a relatively low conductivity for preventing shorting of image conditioning electric fields through a layer of the liquid toner developer material forming the image.

Abstract: A process for changing layered imaging members by the transfer of ions thereto which comprises contacting the imaging member with a liquid developer comprised of a nonpolar liquid, and a mixture of surfactants of an ammonium block copolymer first surfactant of the formula ##STR1## wherein X.sup.- is a conjugate base or anion of a strong acid; R is hydrogen or alkyl; R' is alkyl; R" is an alkyl group containing from about 6 to about 20 carbon atoms; and y and x represent the number average degree of polymerization (DP) wherein the ratio of y to x is in the range of from about 10 to 2 to about 1,000 to 200; and a second surfactant component of the formula ##STR2## wherein R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen and alkyl, and n is 0 (zero), 1, 2, 3, or 4.

Abstract: A positively charged liquid developer comprised of thermoplastic resin particles, pigment, a charge director, and an insoluble charge adjuvant comprised of a polymeric quaternary ammonium compound, and wherein the charge adjuvant is associated with or combined with said resin and said pigment.

Abstract: A liquid developer comprised of a liquid, thermoplastic resin particles, pigment, and a charge director containing an alcohol.