Abstract: A unitary contact laser scalpel for orthopedic or other operative procedures. The scalpel comprises a tapered conical member in part of ceramic or similar material characterized by high strength and low coefficient of thermal conductivity. A cylindrical passage is formed along and through the central axis of the ceramic member into which an optical fiber is secured. The distal end of the optical fiber may be oriented flush with the tapered end of the conical member or it may define a tapered extension of the ceramic material. The tapered end of the conical member may have a narrow diameter generally in the order of twice that of the optical fiber and may be coated with an enamel material. Alternatively, a larger diameter optical fiber may be employed with the combination of ceramic and fiber being formed as a conical contour.

Abstract: An improved fan controller for forced-air temperature conditioning apparatus for buildings, such as for example, forced warm air furnaces in which the fan turn-off is controlled as a function of the difference in temperature between the plenum temperature and the return air temperature.