Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods for synthesizing PPAR? sparing compounds, e.g., thiazolidinediones, that are useful for preventing and/or treating metabolic disorders such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and inflammatory diseases.

Abstract: Processes for preparing amides of retinoic acid are disclosed. Intermediates useful in the preparation of amides of retinoic acid are also disclosed. In one version of the invention, fenretinide is produced via activation of retinoic acid (tretinoin) via its corresponding mixed anhydride or mixed carbonate followed by reaction of the activated intermediate with 4-aminophenol. Other amides of retinoic acid and isomers of retinoic acid, such as the 9-cis-form or 13-cis-form can also be made by this invention.

Abstract: Chiral 3-cyanopyrrolidines of the following formula are disclosed, wherein R' is as defined herein. The compounds are useful as intermediates for naphthyridine and quinoline antibiotics.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of 2-amino-3,5-dihydro-7-substituted-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-ones is described wherein 2,6-diamino-3,5-dihydro-7-substituted-4H-pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidin-4-one is converted to a diazonium salt which is subsequently catalytically hydrogenated to the desired compound, as well as valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of cyclic amino acids by a novel synthesis is described where a dinitrile derivative is converted in two steps to the desired products, as well as valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: The process for the preparation of chiral 3-(1-amino-1,1-bisalkylmethyl)-1-substituted-pyrrolidines used as key intermediates for the preparation of naphthyridine and quinolone antibacterial agents which comprises reacting readily available chiral 1-substituted-3-pyrrolidinols to their corresponding chiral sulfonate esters; converting the sulfonate esters to chiral 1-substituted-3-cyanopyrrolidines having an inverse configuration, and then dialkylating the chiral cyanopyrrolidines with alkyl lithium in the presence of a Lewis acid without racemization at the asymmetric carbon atom is described.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of cyclic amino acids by a novel synthesis is described where a dinitrile derivative is converted in two steps to the desired products, as well as valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of cyclic amino acids by a novel synthesis is described where a dinitrile derivative is converted in two steps to the desired products, as well as valuable intermediates used in the process.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of 7-substituted amino-1-alkyl- or cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids is described where tetrafluorobenzoyl chloride is converted in three operations via 1-alkyl or 1-cycloalkyl-1,4-dihydro-6,7,8-trifluoro-4-oxoquinoline-3-carbonitrile which in a separate step or in situ is displaced and hydrolyzed to the desired product.