Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of the Formula (I): (I) and tautomers, stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and solvates thereof, wherein Rx, Ry, W, X, Y, Z, Ring A and (AA) have the meanings given in the specification, which are inhibitors of RET kinase and are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases which can be treated with a RET kinase inhibitor, including RET-associated diseases and disorders.

Abstract: Disclosed herein, inter alia, are compounds, compositions, and methods of use thereof in the sequencing of a nucleic acid.

Abstract: A neck supporting exoskeleton is configured to be worn by a person to support the person's head during backward extension motions of the person's neck. The neck supporting exoskeleton may comprise a torso frame configured to be coupled to the person's torso, a head pillow configured to contact the rear portion of the person's head during backward extension motions of the person's neck, a linkage allowing for relative motion between the head pillow and the torso frame in the sagittal plane of the person, and an actuator configured to impose a supporting force onto the head pillow. When the person's neck extension angle increases beyond an engagement angle, the actuator causes the linkage to impose a supporting force onto the head pillow resisting the backward extension motion of the head pillow and the person's head relative to the torso frame thereby providing a support for the person's head.

Abstract: Provided herein are compounds of the Formula I: and stereoisomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts or solvates thereof, in which A, B, X1, X2, X3, X4, Ring D, and E have the meanings given in the specification, which are inhibitors of RET kinase and are useful in the treatment and prevention of diseases which can be treated with a RET kinase inhibitor, including RET-associated diseases and disorders.

Abstract: A neck supporting exoskeleton is configured to be worn by a person to support the person's head during backward extension motions of the person's neck. The neck supporting exoskeleton may comprise a torso frame configured to be coupled to the person's torso, a head pillow configured to contact the rear portion of the person's head during backward extension motions of the person's neck, a linkage allowing for relative motion between the head pillow and the torso frame in the sagittal plane of the person, and an actuator configured to impose a supporting force onto the head pillow. When the person's neck extension angle increases beyond an engagement angle, the actuator causes the linkage to impose a supporting force onto the head pillow resisting the backward extension motion of the head pillow and the person's head relative to the torso frame thereby providing a support for the person's head.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for converting multichannel serial data streams into packets. The method accepts a plurality of serial data streams in a corresponding plurality of channels. In a time domain multiplexed (TDM) fashion, groups with an undetermined number of data bits are packed from each data stream, into an associated channel segment queue, where each segment includes a predetermined number of bits. In a TDM fashion, segments are loaded into an associated channel payload queue, where each payload includes a predetermined number of segments. Once a payload is filled, an associated pointer is created in a pointer queue. The method selects a pointer from the pointer queue, creates a packet from the payload associated with the selected pointer, and transmits the packet via a packet interface. The packet overhead may include information stored in the pointer, a packet header, or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum.

Abstract: A system and method are presented for providing packet and time division multiplex (TDM) services in a data communication interface. The method accepts packets at a first rate over a packet interface, and transfers time-sensitive data in the packets as packet data units (PDUs) having a smaller number of bits than a packet and a second rate, faster than the first rate. The method transforms the PDUs into frames in a first TDM protocol. Typically, the PDUs are transformed into units having a smaller number of bits than the PDU and a third rate, faster than the second rate. Then, the TDM frames are transmitted over a line interface.

Abstract: A system and method are presented for providing packet and time division multiplex (TDM) services in a data communication interface. The method accepts packets at a first rate over a packet interface, and transfers time-sensitive data in the packets as packet data units (PDUs) having a smaller number of bits than a packet and a second rate, faster than the first rate. The method transforms the PDUs into frames in a first TDM protocol. Typically, the PDUs are transformed into units having a smaller number of bits than the PDU and a third rate, faster than the second rate. Then, the TDM frames are transmitted over a line interface.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for mapping information into Synchronous Payload Envelopes (SPEs). The method provides information bytes at a nominal system clock-based data rate, which is about equal to a system clock, but may be adjusted. An external clock has a rate approximately equal to the system clock rate. The method generates SPEs with identically-positioned information bytes, regardless of differences between the system and external clock rates. The SPEs are combined with Transport Overhead (TOH) and transmitted as a message frame at the external clock rate. SPEs are generated maintaining the positions of the information bytes within each SPE, without pointer adjustments, despite differences between the system and external clock rates. Expressed another way, message frames are generated with payload and TOH sections, and the information bytes are located exclusively in the payload sections. As a result, constant pointer values (e.g., H1/H2 or V1/V2) are maintained for all the SPEs.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for converting multichannel serial data streams into packets. The method accepts a plurality of serial data streams in a corresponding plurality of channels. In a time domain multiplexed (TDM) fashion, groups with an undetermined number of data bits are packed from each data stream, into an associated channel segment queue, where each segment includes a predetermined number of bits. In a TDM fashion, segments are loaded into an associated channel payload queue, where each payload includes a predetermined number of segments. Once a payload is filled, an associated pointer is created in a pointer queue. The method selects a pointer from the pointer queue, creates a packet from the payload associated with the selected pointer, and transmits the packet via a packet interface. The packet overhead may include information stored in the pointer, a packet header, or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for mapping information into Synchronous Payload Envelopes (SPEs). The method provides information bytes at a nominal system clock-based data rate, which is about equal to a system clock, but may be adjusted. An external clock has a rate approximately equal to the system clock rate. The method generates SPEs with identically-positioned information bytes, regardless of differences between the system and external clock rates. The SPEs are combined with Transport Overhead (TOH) and transmitted as a message frame at the external clock rate. SPEs are generated maintaining the positions of the information bytes within each SPE, without pointer adjustments, despite differences between the system and external clock rates. Expressed another way, message frames are generated with payload and TOH sections, and the information bytes are located exclusively in the payload sections. As a result, constant pointer values (e.g., H1/H2 or V1/V2) are maintained for all the SPEs.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for converting multichannel serial data streams into packets. The method accepts a plurality of serial data streams in a corresponding plurality of channels. In a time domain multiplexed (TDM) fashion, groups with an undetermined number of data bits are packed from each data stream, into an associated channel segment queue, where each segment includes a predetermined number of bits. In a TDM fashion, segments are loaded into an associated channel payload queue, where each payload includes a predetermined number of segments. Once a payload is filled, an associated pointer is created in a pointer queue. The method selects a pointer from the pointer queue, creates a packet from the payload associated with the selected pointer, and transmits the packet via a packet interface. The packet overhead may include information stored in the pointer, a packet header, or a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) checksum.

Abstract: A system and method are presented for providing packet and time division multiplex (TDM) services in a data communication interface. The method accepts packets at a first rate over a packet interface, and transfers time-sensitive data in the packets as packet data units (PDUs) having a smaller number of bits than a packet and a second rate, faster than the first rate. The method transforms the PDUs into frames in a first TDM protocol. Typically, the PDUs are transformed into units having a smaller number of bits than the PDU and a third rate, faster than the second rate. Then, the TDM frames are transmitted over a line interface.

Abstract: A system and method are provided for mapping information into Synchronous Payload Envelopes (SPEs). The method provides information bytes at a nominal system clock-based data rate, which is about equal to a system clock, but may be adjusted. An external clock has a rate approximately equal to the system clock rate. The method generates SPEs with identically-positioned information bytes, regardless of differences between the system and external clock rates. The SPEs are combined with Transport Overhead (TOH) and transmitted as a message frame at the external clock rate. SPEs are generated maintaining the positions of the information bytes within each SPE, without pointer adjustments, despite differences between the system and external clock rates. Expressed another way, message frames are generated with payload and TOH sections, and the information bytes are located exclusively in the payload sections. As a result, constant pointer values (e.g., H1/H2 or V1/V2) are maintained for all the SPEs.

Abstract: A monostable multivibrator has improved output control by minimizing the recovery time of a transistor pair and using a voltage comparator for comparing the recharging voltage of the timing network with a reference for output signal development. Recovery time is minimized by employing a Darlington circuit for accelerating discharge of the timing network in response to the trigger signal to the monostable transistor pair, whereby the voltage comparator generates an output signal which is a function primarily of recharging time of the timing network.