Abstract: Some variations provide a biomedia composition comprising: from 50 wt % to 75 wt % total carbon, on a dry basis, according to ASTM D5373, wherein the total carbon is renewable according to ASTM D6866 (14C/12C isotopic ratio); from 20 wt % to 40 wt % oxygen, on a dry basis, according ASTM D5373; from 3 wt % to 10 wt % hydrogen, on a dry basis, according to ASTM D5373; and from 0.1 wt % to 2 wt % nitrogen, on a dry basis, according to ASTM D5373, wherein the biomedia composition is characterized by volatile-matter content from 50 wt % to 75 wt %, according to ASTM D3175; wherein the biomedia composition is characterized by ash content from 1 wt % to 25 wt %, according to ASTM D3174; and wherein the biomedia composition is characterized by moisture content from 0 to 75 wt %, according to ASTM D3173. Processes are also described to make and use the biomedia compositions.

Abstract: This invention concerns a sole element for a cleated article of footwear, in particular for a football shoe. The sole element includes a composite element with an anisotropic bending property. The sole element further includes a polymer element, and the polymer element at least partially covers the composite element of the sole element.

Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a biocarbon composition comprising a low fixed carbon material with a fixed carbon concentration from 20 wt % to 55 wt %; a high fixed carbon material with a fixed carbon concentration from 50 wt % to 100 wt % (and higher than the fixed carbon concentration of the low fixed carbon material; from 0 to 30 wt % moisture; from 0 to 15 wt % ash; and from 0 to 20 wt % of one or more additives (such as a binder).

Abstract: In some variations, the invention provides a biocarbon composition comprising a low fixed carbon material with a fixed carbon concentration from 20 wt % to 55 wt %; a high fixed carbon material with a fixed carbon concentration from 50 wt % to 100 wt % (and higher than the fixed carbon concentration of the low fixed carbon material; from 0 to 30 wt % moisture; from 0 to 15 wt % ash; and from 0 to 20 wt % of one or more additives (such as a binder).

Abstract: A shoe may include a shoe upper, an outsole, and a stabilizing element. The stabilizing element may extend from the outsole upward towards a step-in opening of the shoe upper and rearward towards a heel region of the shoe. Further, the stabilizing element may include an outer layer. The stabilizing element may extend along an outside of the shoe upper. Moreover, an area of the outside of the shoe upper that is not covered by the stabilizing element may be located between the stabilizing element and the outsole. Furthermore, the area may continuously transition into a further area of the outside of the shoe upper which is not covered by the stabilizing element. That further area may extend into a portion of the shoe upper which is configured to receive an Achilles area and/or an Achilles tendon insertion.

Abstract: This invention concerns a sole element for a cleated article of footwear, in particular for a football shoe. The sole element includes a composite element with an anisotropic bending property. The sole element further includes a polymer element, and the polymer element at least partially covers the composite element of the sole element.