Abstract: Antenna elements that have at least three pairs of coplanar and aligned conducting loops, of approximately one-wavelength to two-wavelength perimeters, that have shapes such that there are corners at the centers and smooth curves or straight lines at the outer edges of each pair of loops. Where the loops of adjacent pairs of loops approach each other, they are connected. Various applications of these antenna elements also are disclosed.

Abstract: Antenna elements that have at least three pairs of coplanar and aligned conducting loops, of approximately one-wavelength to two-wavelength perimeters, that have shapes such that there are corners at the centers and smooth curves or straight lines at the outer edges of each pair of loops. Where the loops of adjacent pairs of loops approach each other, they are connected. Various applications of these antenna elements also are disclosed.

Abstract: An antenna element that has four coplanar and aligned loops, of approximately one-wavelength to two-wavelength perimeters, that have shapes that are similar to the mathematical curve called a lemniscate. Variations of the basic shape, related combinations of lemniscate and triangular loops, plus applications of the antenna element also are disclosed.

Abstract: Supporting conductors for loop antennas that are positioned within the principal H plane of the loop antennas and positioned diagonally with respect to the plane of the loops.

Abstract: An antenna element is disclosed that is a pair of approximately coplanar loops, having perimeters of approximately one wavelength, that are connected at one point. The loops are positioned so that a line through center of one loop and that common point also is the line through the center of the other loop. The approximate shape of these loops is such that the distance from that common point to any point on either loop is proportional to the cosine, raised to some power, of a multiple of the angle between that center line and a line between the common point and the point on the loop. Compared to previous antenna elements constructed for the same purposes, antennas constructed with such loops can yield more directivity, particularly in the principal H plane, without producing large minor lobes of radiation. Several applications of such antenna elements in various arrays also are disclosed.

Abstract: A folded-dipole antenna element, that is modified so that the two matching conductors are located on opposite sides of the main conductor. Such staggered folded dipoles are superior for constructing log-periodic antennas, because they allow relatively small and straight feeder conductors and they allow the whole antenna to be grounded.

Abstract: An improvement is disclosed to an antenna structure that is a pair of coplanar triangular loops with a corner of each triangle at the center and the triangle sides opposite those corners placed parallel to each other to form the outer sides of the structure. The improvement is extra conductors placed between the central point and the center of the outer parallel sides. This improvement not only strengthens the structure, which may be important in the high-frequency spectrum, but it also is convenient for turnstile and log-periodic arrays of such structures.

Abstract: This antenna has two sets of conductors. Each set is two coplanar triangles with a corner from each triangle at the center and with the two triangle sides opposite those corners being positioned parallel to each other. The planes of the two sets are perpendicular to each other, with the junction of the two planes being close to the imaginary lines through the centers of the parallel sides and the centers of the sets. If the two structures were fed so that the currents in corresponding parts were equal in amplitude and different in phase by 90 degrees, a horizontally polarized omnidirectional radiation pattern would be obtained. Such an omnidirectional antenna would have more gain than a turnstile array of half-wave dipoles with less wind resistance than a Masters super turnstile antenna.

Abstract: An antenna element is disclosed that is a set of approximately coplanar conductors that form four approximately triangular conductors, each of which has a perimeter of approximately one wavelength. Three parallel conductors are the central part and the two outer parts. Joining these three parallel conductors, there are four diagonal conductors, of approximately equal length, that connect each end of the central parallel conductor to the opposite end of each of the outer parallel conductors. Where these diagonal conductors cross, they do not touch. Compared to previous antennas constructed for the same purposes, antennas constructed with these antenna elements can yield more directivity, particularly in the principal H plane, or more bandwidth. Several applications of such antenna elements in various arrays also are disclosed.

Abstract: An antenna structure is disclosed that is a set of approximately coplanar conductors which form four approximately triangular conductors. Three parallel conductors are the central part and the two outer parts. The center points of these parallel conductors are aligned in the direction perpendicular to the parallel conductors. Connected to the central parallel conductor, there are four diagonal conductors which extend toward the outer parallel conductors and almost meet near the line of the centers of the parallel conductors. Extending from the unconnected ends of those diagonal conductors, there are four more diagonal conductors that connect to the outer parallel conductors. The two inner triangular conductors so formed have perimeters of approximately two wavelengths. The two outer triangular conductors so formed have perimeters of approximately one and three quarters wavelengths. Several applications of such antenna structures in various arrays are also disclosed.

Abstract: This antenna has several sets of conductors attached to a pair of feeder conductors. Each set is two coplanar triangles with a corner from each triangle at the center and with the two triangle sides opposite those corners being positioned parallel to each other. Those sets of conductors are in parallel planes and are aligned so that the triangle sides in each set that are parallel to each other are also parallel to the similar parallel sides in the other sets. The dimensions of those sets of conductors and the spaces between those sets are progressively and proportionally smaller from the rear to the front of the antenna. Two feeder conductors are attached to the central corners of those sets of conductors in such a way that one conductor connects to one side of both triangles and the other conductor connects to the other side of both triangles. In addition, those connections are reversed between the adjacent sets.