Abstract: A device for electrokinetic delivery of medicament to a treatment site includes a cartridge having an active electrode and a membrane overlying the active electrode and a medicament or a medicament and an electrically conductive carrier therefor, carried by the membrane in electrical contact with the electrode. The electrode opens through a surface of the cartridge remote from the membrane for connection with an electrical connector carried by the device. An locking element releasably couples the cartridge to the housing.

Abstract: A driver is disclosed for powering a pneumatically operated implantable device, such as an artificial heart with a left and a right ventricle. The driver includes a pair of compressors that each has a first and a second compression chamber. In a first mode of operation, both the first and the second compressor power the left and right ventricle of the artificial heart. In the event of a malfunction in the second compressor, the left and right ventricles of the artificial heart may be powered by the first compressor. Similarly, if a malfunction occurs in the first compressor, the artificial heart may be fully powered by the second compressor.

Abstract: A driver is disclosed for powering a pneumatically operated implantable device, such as an artificial heart with a left and a right ventricle. The driver includes a pair of compressors that each has a first and a second compression chamber. In a first mode of operation, both the first and the second compressor power the left and right ventricle of the artificial heart. In the event of a malfunction in the second compressor, the left and right ventricles of the artificial heart may be powered by the first compressor. Similarly, if a malfunction occurs in the first compressor, the artificial heart may be fully powered by the second compressor.

Abstract: The purpose of invention is to extend the edge of an electrochemical cell with a laminated plastic structure to give it strength and rigidity for sealing and support. The invention applies to polymer exchange membrane fuel cells and electrochemical compressors. In the present invention the electrolyte membrane is surrounded with a plastic spacer having a thickness closely matched to that of the membrane. A thin, plastic film is bonded with an adjesive layer to both sides of the two elements so that the film and adhesive bridge the gap between the spacer and membrane. The resulting composite membrane has the properties of conventional ion exchange membranes in its electochemically active region, while possessing the favorable mechanical properties of plastic laminates in the surrounding frame area. The adhesive layer bonds the assembly together and also provides a gas tight seal around the edge of the membrane.Porous electrodes with plastic frames are bonded to the composite membrane.