Abstract: There is provided a precipitation hardening stainless steel with the composition: C: 0.05-0.30 wt %, Ni: 9-10 wt %, Mo: 0.5-1.5 wt %, Al: 1.75-3 wt %, Cr: 10.5-13 wt %, V: 0.25-1.5 wt %, Co: 0-0.03 wt %, Mn: 0-0.5 wt %, Si: 0-0.3 wt %, and remaining part up to 100 wt % is Fe and impurity elements, with the additional proviso that the amounts of Al and Ni also fulfil Al=Ni/4±0.5 in wt %. Further Creq is in the interval 11-15.4 wt % and Nieq is in the interval 10.5-15 wt %. There is the possibility to have very low amounts of cobalt, well below 0.01 wt %. The precipitation hardening stainless steel displays, low segregation, high yield strength at elevated temperatures, and can also suitably be nitrided. The precipitation hardening stainless steel is more economical to manufacture compared to stainless steel according to the state of the art with the same strength at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: There is provided a precipitation hardening steel with the composition: C: 0.05-0.30 wt %, Ni: 3-9 wt %, Mo: 0.5-1.5 wt %, Al: 1-3 wt %, Cr: 2-14 wt %, V: 0.25-1.5 wt %, Co: 0-0.03 wt %, Mn: 0-0.5 wt %, Si: 0-0.3 wt %, and remaining part up to 100 wt % is Fe and impurity elements, with the additional proviso that the amounts of Al and Ni also fulfil Al=Ni/3±0.5 in wt %. There is the possibility to have very low amounts of cobalt, well below 0.01 wt %. The precipitation hardening steel displays, low segregation, high yield strength at elevated temperatures, high resistance against corrosion, and can also suitably be nitrided. The precipitation hardening steel is more economical to manufacture compared to steel according to the state of the art with the same strength at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a steel ingot in a casting arrangement (100) comprising a vacuum vessel (110); an ingot mold (120) arranged within the vacuum vessel and a stirrer (130) arranged to stir liquid steel in the ingot mold, comprising: -providing (1000) a liquid steel melt; filling (2000) the ingot mold (100) with the liquid steel melt; applying (3000) a reduced pressure within the vacuum vessel (110); allowing the liquid steel melt to solidify into an ingot; allowing the liquid steel melt to solidify under stirring within the ingot mold at a reduced pressure during solidification of the steel melt; wherein, the liquid steel melt comprises a predetermined amount of carbon and; incidental impurity elements in the form of oxides, wherein during stirring the oxides are reduced by carbothermic reaction in which oxygen in the oxides and carbon in the steel melt form carbon-monoxide.

Abstract: There is provided a precipitation hardening stainless steel with the composition: C: 0.05-0.30 wt %, Ni: 9-10 wt %, Mo: 0.5-1.5 wt %, Al: 1.75-3 wt %, Cr: 10.5-13 wt %, V: 0.25-1.5 wt %, Co: 0-0.03 wt %, Mn: 0-0.5 wt %, Si: 0-0.3 wt %, and remaining part up to 100 wt % is Fe and impurity elements, with the additional proviso that the amounts of Al and Ni also fulfil Al=Ni/4±0.5 in wt %. Further Creq is in the interval 11-15.4 wt % and Nieq is in the interval 10.5-15 wt %. There is the possibility to have very low amounts of cobalt, well below 0.01 wt %. The precipitation hardening stainless steel displays, low segregation, high yield strength at elevated temperatures, and can also suitably be nitrided. The precipitation hardening stainless steel is more economical to manufacture compared to stainless steel according to the state of the art with the same strength at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: There is provided a precipitation hardening steel with the composition: C: 0.05-0.30 wt %, Ni: 3-9 wt %, Mo: 0.5-1.5 wt %, Al: 1-3 wt %, Cr: 2-14 wt %, V: 0.25-1.5 wt %, Co: 0-0.03 wt %, Mn: 0-0.5 wt %, Si: 0-0.3 wt %, and remaining part up to 100 wt % is Fe and impurity elements, with the additional proviso that the amounts of Al and Ni also fulfil Al=Ni/3±0.5 in wt %. There is the possibility to have very low amounts of cobalt, well below 0.01 wt %. The precipitation hardening steel displays, low segregation, high yield strength at elevated temperatures, high resistance against corrosion, and can also suitably be nitrided. The precipitation hardening steel is more economical to manufacture compared to steel according to the state of the art with the same strength at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: A rotary parlour for milking of animals includes a rotary platform unit and storing devices connected to the platform unit and adapted to hold a number of teat cups in predetermined parking positions. The storing devices are supported by a supporting mechanism comprising an elevating part adapted to move the storing device between an operating position in which the storing device holds at least a part of the parked teat cups at a higher level than the lowest level of the upper surface of the platform unit and a non-operative position in which both the storing device and the parked teat cups are located at a lower level than the lowest level of the upper surface of the platform unit.

Abstract: A milking system includes a milking robot with a robot arm for applying teat cups to the teats of an animal, an optical detector (40) for detecting radiation emitted and/or reflected from the animal and a controller. The detector has a housing (410) with a window (420) and a detecting element (430) enclosed in the housing that is sensitive to the emitted or reflected radiation passing through the window. In order to prevent contamination from impacting on the detector window, an airflow arrangement is provided that can be connected to a source of pressurized air and has at least one aperture (411) disposed adjacent the detector window (420) for generating a curtain of air that flows parallel with the surface of the window. The controller controls the generation of the air curtain to coincide with the start of at least one further operation controlled by the controller.

Abstract: A milking system includes a milking robot with a robot arm for applying teat cups to the teats of an animal, an optical detector (40) for detecting radiation emitted and/or reflected from the animal and a controller. The detector has a housing (410) with a window (420) and a detecting element (430) enclosed in the housing that is sensitive to the emitted or reflected radiation passing through the window. In order to prevent contamination from impacting on the detector window, an airflow arrangement is provided that can be connected to a source of pressurized air and has at least one aperture (411) disposed adjacent the detector window (420) for generating a curtain of air that flows parallel with the surface of the window. The controller controls the generation of the air curtain to coincide with the start of at least one further operation controlled by the controller.

Abstract: A milking arrangement includes a milking robot (10) having a first link (L1), a second link (L2), a third link (L3), an end effector (E), sensor (16) and a control unit (15). The first link is rotatable to a first angle within a first angle range (?1) via a first joint (11). The second link is rotatable to a second angle within a second angle range (?2) via a second joint (12). The third link (L3) is rotatable to a third angle within a third angle range (?3) via third joint (13). The links (L1, L2, L3) are rotatable so that the end effector is movable within a three-dimensional workspace (W). Each position of the end effector within the workspace corresponds to a single combination of the first, second and third angles.

Abstract: A milking arrangement includes a milking robot (10) having a first link (L1), a second link (L2), a third link (L3), an end effector (E), sensor (16) and a control unit (15). The first link is rotatable to a first angle within a first angle range (?1) via a first joint (11). The second link is rotatable to a second angle within a second angle range (?2) via a second joint (12). The third link (L3) is rotatable to a third angle within a third angle range (?3) via third joint (13). The links (L1, L2, L3) are rotatable so that the end effector is movable within a three-dimensional workspace (W). Each position of the end effector within the workspace corresponds to a single combination of the first, second and third angles.

Abstract: A griper device mountable on a robot arm of a milking robot provided for automatically attach teat cups to the teats of a milking animal, the gripper device comprises an electromagnet from gripping teat cups made of a magnetic material, the electromagnet including a coil feedable with a current a core of a magnetic material arranged at least partly within the coil; and a support structure for holding the electromagnet. The core comprises two end and portions in a single face of the electromagnet wherein the two end portions constitute different poles of the electromagnet and are shaped to be engagable with each of the teat cups in a close fit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rotary parlour for milking of animals. The parlour comprises a rotary platform unit (3) and storing devices (11, 24, 25) connected to the platform unit (3) and adapted to hold a number of teat cups (2) in predetermined parking positions. The storing devices (11, 24, 25) are supported by a supporting mechanism comprising elevating means (20, 22, 30) adapted to move the storing device (11, 24, 25) between an operating position in which the storing device (11, 24, 25) holds at least a part of the parked teat cups (2) at a higher level than the lowest level (3a?) of the upper surface (3a) of the platform unit (3) and a non-operative position in which both the storing device (11, 24, 25) and the parked teat cups (2) are located at a lower level than the lowest level (3a?) of the upper surface (3a) of the platform unit (3).

Abstract: A griper device mountable on a robot arm of a milking robot provided for automatically attach teat cups to the teats of a milking animal, the gripper device comprises an electromagnet from gripping teat cups made of a magnetic material, the electromagnet including a coil feedable with a current a core of a magnetic material arranged at least partly within the coil; and a support structure for holding the electromagnet. The core comprises two end and portions in a single face of the electromagnet wherein the two end portions constitute different poles of the electromagnet and are shaped to be engagable with each of the teat cups in a close fit.

Abstract: A gripper device mountable on a robot arm (10) of a milking robot (2) provided for automatically attach teat cups (5) to the teats of a milking animal, the gripper device comprises an electromagnet (6) from gripping teat cups made of a magnetic material, the electromagnet including a coil (31) feedable with a current a core (33) of a magnetic material arranged at least partly within the coil; and a support structure (7) for holding the electromagnet. The core comprises two end and portions (33a-b) in a single face of the electromagnet, wherein the two end portions constitute different poles of the electromagnet, and are shaped to be engagable with each of the teat cups in a close fit.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission assembly (34), for imparting a phase difference between an outer wheel and an inner wheel of a spline VVT. The assembly comprises a tubular meshing member (36) having an inner surface (38) and an outer surface (40), wherein at least a portion of the inner surface is provided with a first spline (42) and at least a portion of the outer surface is provided with a second spline (44). The first spline and the second spline do not have the same pitch in the same groove direction. The transmission assembly further comprises a bearing arrangement (46) and an actuation member (48). The bearing arrangement is arranged between the meshing member and the actuation member to allow a transfer of an axial displacement of the actuation member to the meshing member and allow a rotation of the meshing member relative to the actuation member.

Abstract: The invention relates to a transmission assembly (34), for imparting a phase difference between an outer wheel and an inner wheel of a spline VVT. The assembly comprises a tubular meshing member (36) having an inner surface (38) and an outer surface (40), wherein at least a portion of the inner surface is provided with a first spline (42) and at least a portion of the outer surface is provided with a second spline (44). The first spline and the second spline do not have the same pitch in the same groove direction. The transmission assembly further comprises a bearing arrangement (46) and an actuation member (48). The bearing arrangement is arranged between the meshing member and the actuation member to allow a transfer of an axial displacement of the actuation member to the meshing member and allow a rotation of the meshing member relative to the actuation member.

Abstract: A gripper device mountable on a robot arm (10) of a milking robot (2) provided for automatically attach teat cups (5) to the teats of a milking animal, the gripper device comprises an electromagnet (6) for gripping teat cups made of a magnetic material, the electromagnet including a coil (31) feedable with a current and a core (33) of a magnetic material arranged at least partly within the coil; and a support structure (7) for holding the electromagnet. The core comprises two end portions (33a-b) in a single face of the electromagnet, wherein the two end portions constitute different poles of the electromagnet, and are shaped to be engagable with each of the teat cups in a close fit.

Abstract: A process for production of a steel component having a hard, carbon rich dissolved surface and a tough, low carbon dissolved core, incorporating the following steps:using an alloyed steel with a carbon content of 0.3%-1.2% C and with an alloy element acting as a strong carbide former; andsubjecting a component formed from this material to induction heating, whereby the core is heated to a level in the lower region of the austenite area, thereby creating a certain dissolved low carbon level in the component core, and rapidly heating the surface region to a higher region within the austenite area, thereby creating a high dissolved carbon content in the surface region of the component.

Abstract: An electrode for electric arc processes composed of a water-cooled holder (1) into which is fitted a case hardened of diffusion coated insert of zirconium or hafnium. The diffusion zone (5) consists of carbide, nitride, boride or silicide, compounds with very high melting points that will supress reactions between the holder and the insert that cause deterioration of the electrode.