Abstract: Plural packet data units are encapsulated into a datagram of a user datagram protocol. Each of the plural packet data units includes a respective header of a tunneling protocol and a respective user data packet. Each of the headers indicates a length of the respective packet data unit. The plural packet data units include a first packet data unit and are arranged in the datagram in an order starting with the first packet data unit. It is informed, by at least the header of the first packet data, that the encapsulating encapsulates the plural packet data units into the datagram.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, computer program product and system are provided for initiating a request for acknowledgment of successfully, or unsuccessfully, transmitted data packets, wherein the request is initiated in response to the detection of a potential overload situation or an upcoming resource limitation. In particular, a transmitter may monitor certain resources associated with the transmitter, such as memory consumption or processing capacity, and automatically request that a receiver transmit an acknowledgement when a potential overload of one or more of the resources is detected. This may occur, for example, when it is determined that memory consumption has exceeded a predefined threshold or that the processing capacity has been substantially exhausted, to name a few.

Abstract: According to an embodiment, a method comprises receiving a data packet including an indication comprising a process state indication and a transmission state indication, comparing the indication with an expected indication, and determining if the data packet is valid or not based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, computer program product and system are provided for initiating a request for acknowledgment of successfully, or unsuccessfully, transmitted data packets, wherein the request is initiated in response to the detection of a potential overload situation or an upcoming resource limitation. In particular, a transmitter may monitor certain resources associated with the transmitter, such as memory consumption or processing capacity, and automatically request that a receiver transmit an acknowledgement when a potential overload of one or more of the resources is detected. This may occur, for example, when it is determined that memory consumption has exceeded a predefined threshold or that the processing capacity has been substantially exhausted, to name a few.

Abstract: A data packet is received which includes an indication comprising a process state indication and a transmission state indication, the indication is compared with an expected indication, and it is determined if the data packet is valid or not based on a result of the comparison.

Abstract: A method and a corresponding device for optimising a cellular telecommunication network are provided. According to the provided method, an emulating device is connected to the cellular telecommunication network, thus creating a signalling link between the emulating device and the cellular telecommunication network. With the emulating device, functionalities of elements of the cellular telecommunication network are emulated and data traffic is created to an air interface of the cellular telecommunication network. The effects of created data traffic on the cellular telecommunication network are then measured and the cellular telecommunication network is adjusted on the basis of the measurements.