Abstract: A process for producing a carboxylic acid composition including 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, including the steps: a) oxidizing an oxidizable compound including 5-alkoxymethylfurfural in an oxidation reactor in the presence of a saturated organic acid solvent having from 2 to 6 carbon atoms and a catalyst system comprising cobalt, manganese and bromine using an oxidizing gas at a temperature in the range of 160 to 210° C. to obtain a crude carboxylic acid composition including mono alkyl ester of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid and solid 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid, b) isolating at least a portion of the solid 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid from the crude carboxylic acid composition in a solid-liquid separation zone to generate a solid cake and a mother liquor, c) determining the amount of manganese and/or cobalt in the cake, and d) increasing the amount of one or more controlling acids in the oxidation reactor.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making methanol and ethanol from carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The process includes contacting a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen with a catalyst system containing a ruthenium compound—and optionally, a chloride or bromide-containing compound—dispersed in a low-melting tetraorganophosphonium chloride or bromide salt under conditions effective to produce methanol and ethanol. The invention also relates to a process for making methanol and ethanol from carbon monoxide and water using the same catalyst system.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making methanol and ethanol from carbon dioxide and hydrogen. The process includes contacting a mixture of carbon dioxide and hydrogen with a catalyst system containing a ruthenium compound—and optionally, a chloride or bromide-containing compound—dispersed in a low-melting tetraorganophosphonium chloride or bromide salt under conditions effective to produce methanol and ethanol. The invention also relates to a process for making methanol and ethanol from carbon monoxide and water using the same catalyst system.

Abstract: This invention concerns a promoted catalyst system for making one or more alkanols from synthesis gas. The catalyst system contains a ruthenium compound and a halogen promoter dispersed in a low-melting tetraorganophosphonium salt. The halogen promoter is a compound capable of generating HX (where X?Cl, Br, or I) under reaction conditions. The invention also concerns a process for selectively preparing one or more alkanols from synthesis gas using the promoted catalyst system.